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Development, Cognition, Adaptive Function and Maladaptive Behavior in HIV-infected and HIV-exposed Uninfected Children Aged 2–9 Years

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Abstract

Objectives

To compare development/cognition, adaptive function and maladaptive behavior of HIV-infected and HIV-exposed uninfected children between 2 to 9 years with HIV-uninfected controls.

Methods

This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from November, 2013 to March, 2015. 50 seropositive HIV-infected, 25 HIV-exposed uninfected and 25 HIV-uninfected children between 2 to 9 years were administered Developmental Profile 3, Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale 2, and Child Behavior Checklist for assessing development, adaptive function and maladaptive behaviour, respectively. Additional data were obtained by history, examination and review of records.

Results

Significant developmental/cognitive impairment was observed in 38 (76%), 16 (64%) and 6 (24%) HIV-infected, HIV-exposed uninfected, and HIV-uninfected children, respectively. Significant impairment in adaptive function was found in 12 (24%) and 2 (8%) HIV-infected and HIV-exposed uninfected children, respectively. Maladaptive behavior was not seen in any group.

Conclusions

High magnitude of impaired development/cognition and adaptive function in HIV-exposed and HIV-infected children warrants assessment of these domains during follow-up of these children, and incorporation of interventions for these deficits in standard care for this group.

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Funding

Funding: None; Competing interests: None stated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Lady Hardinge Medical College and associated hospitals, New Delhi, India

    Sharmila Banerjee Mukherjee, Shilpa Devamare & Anju Seth

  2. Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Savita Sapra

Authors
  1. Sharmila Banerjee Mukherjee
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  2. Shilpa Devamare
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  3. Anju Seth
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  4. Savita Sapra
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Contributions

Contributors: SBM,AS: conceptualized the study and will stand as guarantors; SD,SBM: did the literature search; SD: was trained to administer the psychometric tools by SBM and SS and collected the data; SBM,SD,SS: interpreted and analyzed the data; SM: drafted the manuscript which underwent a critical appraisal by SD,AS,SS. All the authors approved the final manuscript and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sharmila Banerjee Mukherjee.

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Mukherjee, S.B., Devamare, S., Seth, A. et al. Development, Cognition, Adaptive Function and Maladaptive Behavior in HIV-infected and HIV-exposed Uninfected Children Aged 2–9 Years. Indian Pediatr 56, 933–937 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-019-1650-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-019-1650-z

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