Abstract
Childhood hypertension has become a significant health concern. There have been a slew of important new findings in this field over the last decade. This has led to an update by the American Academy of Pediatrics of the original recommendation of United States Fourth Working Group on blood pressure. We herein describe the important changes in the guideline, which include an updated normative data, change in blood pressure classification, strong endorsement of ambulatory blood pressure measurement and the reduction in the blood pressure target for both chronic kidney disease and non-chronic kidney disease hypertensive children.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents. The fourth report on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2004;114:555–76.
Flynn JT, Kaelber DC, Baker-Smith CM, Blowery D, Carroll AE, Daniels SR, et al. Clinical Practice Guideline for Screening and Management of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents. Pediatrics. 2017;140:pii: e20171904.
Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, Casey DE Jr, Collins KJ, Dennison Himmelfarb C, et al. 2017. ACC/ AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/ NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Hypertension. 2018;71:e13–115.
Xi B, Zong X, Kelishadi R, Hong YM, Khadilkar A, Steffen LM, et al. Establishing international blood pressure references among non-overweight children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years. Circulation. 2016;133: 398–408.
Dionne JM, Abitbol CL, Flynn JT. Hypertension in infancy: diagnosis, management and outcome. Pediatr Nephrol. 2012;27:17–32.
Report of the Second Task Force on Blood Pressure Control in Children-1987. Task Force on Blood Pressure Control in Children. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland. Pediatrics. 1987;79:1–25.
Samuel JP, Bell CS, Hebert SA, Varughese A, Samuels JA, Tyson JE. Office blood pressure measurement alone often misclassifies treatment status in children with primary hypertension. Blood Press Monit. 2017;22:328–32.
Ramaswamy P, Chikkabyrappa S, Donda K, Osmolovsky M, Rojas M, Rafii D. Relationship of ambulatory blood pressure and body mass index to left ventricular mass index in pediatric patients with casual hypertension. J Am Soc Hypertens. 2016;10:108–14.
Stabouli S, Kotsis V, Rizos Z, Toumanidis S, Karagianni C, Constantopoulos A, et al. Left ventricular mass in normotensive, prehypertensive and hypertensive children and adolescents. Pediatr Nephrol. 2009;24:1545–51.
Litwin M, Niemirska A, Sladowska-Kozlowska J, Wierzbicka A, Janas R, Wawer ZT, et al. Regression of target organ damage in children and adolescents with primary hypertension Pediatr Nephrol. 2010};25}:2489–9
Chen X, Wang Y. Tracking of blood pressure from childhood to adulthood: A systematic review and metaregression analysis. Circulation. 2008;117:3171–80.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sinha, R., Saha, A. & Samuels, J. American Academy of Pediatrics Clinical Practice Guidelines for Screening and Management of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents: What is New?. Indian Pediatr 56, 317–321 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-019-1523-5
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-019-1523-5