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Interactive effects between components in binary mixtures of zinc sulfate and iron oxide nanoparticles on Daphnia magna

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Abstract

Backgrounds: The concern in the toxicological impact of nanomaterials on aquatic organisms has grown, due to the high adsorption capacity for (in) organic compounds in the aquatic environment. In order to evaluate the toxicity of mixtures composed with metal ion and metal oxide nanoparticles and the interaction between components in binary mixtures, we tested the mixture toxicity of iron oxide nanoparticles (i.e., PVP-Fe3O4 NPs) and zinc sulfate (ZnSCU) on Daphnia magna.

Methods: The toxicity of binary mixtures with different concentration-combinations were identified by the effective concentration values (ECxmix) based on the concentration-response curves. Concentration addition index (CAI) and effect addition index (EAI) were applied for examining the interaction between components in binary mixtures.

Results: The findings from this study implied the ZnSO4 had a high toxic effect on D. magna more than PVP-Fe3O4 NPs and the synergistic toxicity in binary mixtures were depended on the toxic effects of ZnSO4 and their exposure concentration rather than those of PVP-Fe3O4 NPs. Interestingly, the antagonistic effects between ZnSO4 and PVP-Fe3O4 NPs in binary mixtures showed in the high concentration-combinations suggesting that antagonism in toxicity may be due to the high adsorption capacity of PVP-Fe3O4 NPs for organic compounds.

Conclusion: In this study, synergistic- and antagonistic effects in binary mixtures with various concentrationcombinations will provide important information for elucidating the toxicity mechanism of mixtures composed inorganic compounds and metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs). However, in order to conduct the risk assessment of environmental nanoparticle, further studies regarding the mixture toxicity of nanomaterials with environmentally relevant concentrations and the interaction between components will be required.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Research Council of Science & Technology (NST) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIP) (No. CAP-17-01-KIST Europe) and (Project No. 11911).

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  1. These authors contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Gyeongnam Department of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Gyeonsangnam-do, 52834, Republic of Korea

    Chang-Beom Park, Jae-Woong Jung, Dong-Hyuk Yeom & Jin-Woo Park

  2. Environmental Safety Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Europe, Saarbrücken, 66123, Germany

    Chang-Beom Park, Jiyi Jang & Young Jun Kim

Authors
  1. Chang-Beom Park
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  2. Jae-Woong Jung
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  3. Dong-Hyuk Yeom
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  4. Jiyi Jang
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  5. Jin-Woo Park
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  6. Young Jun Kim
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Correspondence to Young Jun Kim.

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Conflict of Interest

Chang-Beom Park, Jae-Woong Jung, Dong-Hyuk Yeom, Jiyi Jang, Jin-Woo Park & Young Jun Kim declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Human and animal rights

The article does not contain any studies with human and animal and this study was performed following institutional and national guidelines.

Author contributions

Kim YJ and Park CB conceived and designed the experiments. Yeom DH, Jang JY and Park JW performed the experiments. Park CB and Jung JW. analyzed the best-fit curves and modeled the mixture toxicity. Kim YJ and Park CB wrote the paper and proofread the manuscript.

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Park, CB., Jung, JW., Yeom, DH. et al. Interactive effects between components in binary mixtures of zinc sulfate and iron oxide nanoparticles on Daphnia magna. Mol. Cell. Toxicol. 15, 315–323 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13273-019-0035-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13273-019-0035-7

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