Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Molecular characterization and expression pattern of Rubisco activase gene GhRCAβ2 in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Genes & Genomics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

Rubisco activase (RCA) is a pivotal enzyme that can catalyse the activation of Rubisco in carbon assimilation pathway. Many studies have shown that RCA may be a potential target for genetic manipulation aimed at enhancing photosynthetic efficiency and crop yield.

Objective

To understand the biological function of the GhRCAβ2 gene in upland cotton, we cloned the coding sequence (CDS) of the GhRCAβ2 gene and investigated its sequence features, evolutionary relationship, subcellular localization, promoter sequence and expression pattern.

Methods

The bioinformatics tools were used to analyze the sequence features of GhRCAβ2 protein. Transient transformation of Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts was performed to determine the subcellular localization of the GhRCAβ2 protein. The expression pattern of the GhRCAβ2 gene was examined by analyzing transcriptome data and using the quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).

Results

The full-length CDS of GhRCAβ2 was 1317 bp, and it encoded a protein with a chloroplast transit peptide. The GhRCAβ2 had two conserved ATP-binding domains, and did not have the C-terminal extension (CTE) domain that was unique to the RCA α-isoform in plants. Evolutionarily, GhRCAβ2 was clustered in Group A, and had a close evolutionary relationship with the soybean RCA. Western blot analysis demonstrated that GhRCAβ2 was immunoreactive to the RCA antibody displaying a molecular weight similar to that of the RCA β-isoform. The GhRCAβ2 protein was found in chloroplast, aligning with its role as a vital enzyme in the process of photosynthesis. The GhRCAβ2 gene had a leaf tissue-specific expression pattern, and the yellow-green leaf mutant exhibited a decreased expression of GhRCAβ2 in comparison to the wild-type cotton plants. The GhRCAβ2 promoter contained several cis-acting elements that respond to light, phytohormones and stress, suggesting that the expression of GhRCAβ2 may be regulated by these factors. An additional examination of stress response indicated that GhRCAβ2 expression was influenced by cold, heat, salt, and drought stress. Notably, diverse expression pattern was observed across different stress conditions. Additionally, low phosphorus and low potassium stress may result in a notable reduction in the expression of GhRCAβ2 gene.

Conclusion

Our findings will establish a basis for further understanding the function of the GhRCAβ2 gene, as well as providing valuable genetic knowledge to improve cotton photosynthetic efficiency and yield under challenging environmental circumstances.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The data presented in this study are available upon request from the corresponding author.

References

  • Aliakbari M, Cohen SP, Lindlöf A, Shamloo-Dashtpagerdi R (2021) Rubisco activase A (RcaA) is a central node in overlapping gene network of drought and salinity in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and may contribute to combined stress tolerance. Plant Physiol Biochem 161:248–258

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ayala-Ochoa A, Vargas-Suárez M, Loza-Tavera H, León P, Jiménez-García LF, Sánchez-de-Jiménez E (2004) In maize, two distinct ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase transcripts have different day/night patterns of expression. Biochimie 86(7):439–449

  • Bailey-Serres J, Parker JE, Ainsworth EA, Oldroyd GED, Schroeder JI (2019) Genetic strategies for improving crop yields. Nature 575(7781):109–118

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Batista-Silva W, da Fonseca-Pereira P, Martins AO, Zsögön A, Nunes-Nesi A, Araújo WL (2020) Engineering improved photosynthesis in the era of synthetic biology. Plant Commun 1(2):100032

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Bi H, Liu P, Jiang Z, Ai X (2017) Overexpression of the rubisco activase gene improves growth and low temperature and weak light tolerance in Cucumis sativus. Physiol Plant 161(2):224–234

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chao M, Yin Z, Hao D, Zhang J, Song H, Ning A, Xu X, Yu D (2014) Variation in Rubisco activase (RCAβ) gene promoters and expression in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr]. J Exp Bot 65(1):47–59

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chao M, Hu G, Dong J, Chen Y, Fu Y, Zhang J, Wang Q (2023) Sequence characteristics and expression analysis of the gene encoding sedoheptulose-1,7-bisphosphatase, an important calvin cycle enzyme in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L). Int J Mol Sci 24(7):6648

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Chen Y, Wang XM, Zhou L, He Y, Wang D, Qi YH, Jiang DA (2015) Rubisco activase is also a multiple responder to abiotic stresses in rice. PLoS ONE 10(10):e0140934

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Chen T, Riaz S, Davey P, Zhao Z, Sun Y, Dykes GF, Zhou F, Hartwell J, Lawson T, Nixon PJ, Lin Y, Liu LN (2023) Producing fast and active Rubisco in tobacco to enhance photosynthesis. Plant Cell 35(2):795–807

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chu S, Li H, Zhang X, Yu K, Chao M, Han S, Zhang D (2018) Physiological and proteomics analyses reveal low-phosphorus stress affected the regulation of photosynthesis in soybean. Int J Mol Sci 19(6):1688

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Degen GE, Worrall D, Carmo-Silva E (2020) An isoleucine residue acts as a thermal and regulatory switch in wheat Rubisco activase. Plant J 103(2):742–751

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Deng G, Liu LJ, Zhong XY, Lao CY, Wang HY, Wang B, Zhu C, Shah F, Peng DX (2014) Comparative proteome analysis of the response of ramie under N, P and K deficiency. Planta 239(6):1175–1186

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • DeRidder PB, Salvucci EM (2007) Modulation of Rubisco activase gene expression during heat stress in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) involves post-transcriptional mechanisms. Plant Sci 172(2):246–254

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Duan P, Wang G, Chao M, Zhang Z, Zhang B (2019) Genome-wide identification and analysis of class III peroxidases in allotetraploid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and their responses to PK deficiency. Genes 10(6):473

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Eckardt NA, Snyder GW, Portis AR Jr, Orgen WL (1997) Growth and photosynthesis under high and low irradiance of Arabidopsis thaliana antisense mutants with reduced ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase content. Plant Physiol 113(2):575–586

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Ellsworth DS, Crous KY, De Kauwe MG, Verryckt LT, Goll D, Zaehle S, Bloomfield KJ, Ciais P, Cernusak LA, Domingues TF, Dusenge ME, Garcia S, Guerrieri R, Ishida FY, Janssens IA, Kenzo T, Ichie T, Medlyn BE, Meir P, Norby RJ, Reich PB, Rowland L, Santiago LS, Sun Y, Uddling J, Walker AP, Weerasinghe, van de Weg MJ, Zhang YB, Zhang JL, Wright IJ (2022) Convergence in phosphorus constraints to photosynthesis in forests around the world. Nat Commun 13(1):5005

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Feng Y, Wu H, Liu H, He Y, Yin Z (2023) Effects of OsRCA overexpression on Rubisco activation state and photosynthesis in maize. Plants 12(8):1614

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Grossman A, Takahashi H (2001) Macronutrient utilization by photosynthetic eukaryotes and the fabric of interactions. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 52(4):163–210

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hanikenne M, Esteves SM, Fanara S, Rouached H (2021) Coordinated homeostasis of essential mineral nutrients: a focus on iron. J Exp Bot 72(6):2136–2153

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hartl M, Füßl M, Boersema PJ, Jost JO, Kramer K, Bakirbas A, Sindlinger J, Plöchinger M, Leister D, Uhrig G, Moorhead GB, Cox J, Salvucci ME, Schwarzer D, Mann M, Finkemeier I (2017) Lysine acetylome profiling uncovers novel histone deacetylase substrate proteins in Arabidopsis. Mol Syst Biol 13(10):949

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • He Z, von Caemmerer S, Hudson GS, Price GD, Badger MR, Andrews TJ (1997) Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase deficiency delays senescence of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase but progressively impairs its catalysis during tobacco leaf development. Plant Physiol 115(4):1569–1580

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Hu Y, Chen J, Fang L, Zhang Z, Ma W, Niu Y, Ju L, Deng J, Zhao T, Lian J, Baruch K, Fang D, Liu X, Ruan YL, Rahman MU, Han J, Wang K, Wang Q, Wu H, Mei G, Zang Y, Han Z, Xu C, Shen W, Yang D, Si Z, Dai F, Zou L, Huang F, Bai Y, Zhang Y, Brodt A, Ben-Hamo H, Zhu X, Zhou B, Guan X, Zhu S, Chen X, Zhang T (2019) Gossypium barbadense and Gossypium hirsutum genomes provide insights into the origin and evolution of allotetraploid cotton. Nat Genet 51(4):739–748

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huang G, Wu Z, Percy RG, Bai M, Li Y, Frelichowski JE, Hu J, Wang K, Yu JZ, Zhu Y (2020) Genome sequence of Gossypium herbaceum and genome updates of Gossypium arboreum and Gossypium hirsutum provide insights into cotton A-genome evolution. Nat Genet 52(5):516–524

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Jiang Y, Wang J, Tao X, Zhang Y (2013) Characterization and expression of Rubisco activase genes in Ipomoea batatas. Mol Biol Rep 40(11):6309–6321

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Jurczyk B, Hura K, Trzemecka A, Rapacz M (2015) Evidence for alternative splicing mechanisms in meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) Rubisco activase gene. J Plant Physiol 176:61–64

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kim SY, Harvey CM, Giese J, Lassowskat I, Singh V, Cavanagh AP, Spalding MH, Finkemeier I, Ort DR, Huber SC (2019) In vivo evidence for a regulatory role of phosphorylation of Arabidopsis Rubisco activase at the Thr78 site. Proc Natl Acad Sci 116(37):18723–18731

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Kim SY, Slattery RA, Ort DR (2020) A role for differential Rubisco activase isoform expression in C4 bioenergy grasses at high temperature. GCB Bioenergy 13:211–223

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar RR, Goswami S, Singh K, Dubey K, Singh S, Sharma R, Verma N, Kala YK, Rai GK, Grover M, Mishra DC, Singh B, Pathak H, Chinnusamy V, Rai A, Praveen S (2016) Identification of putative RuBisCo activase (TaRca1)-The catalytic chaperone regulating carbon assimilatory pathway in wheat (Triticum aestivum) under the heat stress. Front Plant Sci 7:986

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Lescot M, Déhais P, Thijs G, Marchal K, Moreau Y, Van de Peer Y, Rouzé P, Rombauts S (2002) PlantCARE, a database of plant cis-acting regulatory elements and a portal to tools for in silico analysis of promoter sequences. Nucleic Acids Res 30(1):325–327

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Li LQ, Huang LP, Pan G, Liu L, Wang XY, Lu LM (2017) Identifying the genes regulated by AtWRKY6 using comparative transcript and proteomic analysis under phosphorus deficiency. Int J Mol Sci 18(5):1046

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Liu LN (2022) Advances in the bacterial organelles for CO2 fixation. Trends Microbiol 30(6):567–580

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Long SP, Marshall-Colon A, Zhu XG (2015) Meeting the global food demand of the future by engineering crop photosynthesis and yield potential. Cell 161(1):56–66

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mate CJ, von Caemmerer S, Evans JR, Hudson GS, Andrews TJ (1996) The relationship between CO2-assimilation rate, Rubisco carbamylation and Rubisco activase content in activase-deficient transgenic tobacco suggests a simple model of activase action. Planta 198(4):604–613

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nagarajan R, Gill KS (2018) Evolution of Rubisco activase gene in plants. Plant Mol Biol 96(1–2):69–87

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nam HI, Shahzad Z, Dorone Y, Clowez S, Zhao K, Bouain N, Lay-Pruitt KS, Cho H, Rhee SY, Rouached H (2021) Interdependent iron and phosphorus availability controls photosynthesis through retrograde signaling. Nat Commun 12(1):7211

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Portis AR Jr. (2003) Rubisco activase - Rubisco’s catalytic chaperone. Photosynth Res 75(1):11–27

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Qu Y, Sakoda K, Fukayama H, Kondo E, Suzuki Y, Makino A, Terashima I, Yamori W (2021) Overexpression of both Rubisco and Rubisco activase rescues rice photosynthesis and biomass under heat stress. Plant Cell Environ 4(7):2308–2320

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qu Y, Mueller-Cajar O, Yamori W (2023) Improving plant heat tolerance through modification of Rubisco activase in C3 plants to secure crop yield and food security in a future warming world. J Exp Bot 74(2):591–599

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Robe K, Gao F, Bonillo P, Tissot N, Gaymard F, Fourcroy P, Izquierdo E, Dubos C (2020) Sulphur availability modulates Arabidopsis thaliana responses to iron deficiency. PLoS ONE 15(8):e0237998

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Rundle SJ, Zielinski RE (1991) Organization and expression of two tandemly oriented genes encoding ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase in barley. J Biol Chem 266(8):4677–4685

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Saeed AI, Bhagabati NK, Braisted JC, Liang W, Sharov V, Howe EA, Li J, Thiagarajan M, White JA, Quackenbush J (2006) TM4 microarray software suite. Methods Enzymol 411:134–193

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Salvucci ME, Ogren WL (1996) The mechanism of Rubisco activase: insights from studies of the properties and structure of the enzyme. Photosynth Res 47(1):1–11

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Salvucci ME, Portis AR Jr, Ogren WL (1985) A soluble chloroplast protein catalyzes ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activation in vivo. Photosynth Res 7(2):193–201

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Salvucci ME, Werneke JM, Ogren WL, Portis AR (1987) Purification and species distribution of rubisco activase. Plant Physiol 84(3):930–936

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Scafaro AP, Atwell BJ, Muylaert S, Reusel BV, Ruiz GA, Rie JV, Gallé A (2018) A thermotolerant variant of Rubisco activase from a wild relative improves growth and seed yield in rice under heat stress. Front Plant Sci 9:1663

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Scafaro AP, Bautsoens N, den Boer B, Van Rie J, Gallé A (2019a) A conserved sequence from heat-adapted species improves Rubisco activase thermostability in wheat. Plant Physiol 181(1):43–54

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Scafaro AP, De Vleesschauwer D, Bautsoens N, Hannah MA, den Boer B, Gallé A, Van Rie J (2019b) A single point mutation in the C-terminal extension of wheat Rubisco activase dramatically reduces ADP inhibition via enhanced ATP binding affinity. J Biol Chem 294(47):17931–17940

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Shan X, Wang J, Chua L, Jiang D, Peng W, Xie D (2011) The role of Arabidopsis Rubisco activase in jasmonate-induced leaf senescence. Plant Physiol 155(2):751–764

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shen JB, Ogren WL (1992) Alteration of spinach ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase activities by site-directed mutagenesis. Plant Physiol 99(3):1201–1207

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Simkin AJ, McAusland L, Headland LR, Lawson T, Raines CA (2015) Multigene manipulation of photosynthetic carbon assimilation increases CO2 fixation and biomass yield in tobacco. J Exp Bot 66(13):4075–4090

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Sparrow-Muñoz I, Chen TC, Burgess SJ (2023) Recent developments in the engineering of Rubisco activase for enhanced crop yield. Biochem Soc Trans 51(2):627–637

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Spreitzer RJ, Salvucci ME (2002) Rubisco: structure, regulatory interactions, and possibilities for a better enzyme. Annu Rev Plant Biol 53:449–475

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Therby-Vale R, Lacombe B, Rhee SY, Nussaume L, Rouached H (2022) Mineral nutrient signaling controls photosynthesis: focus on iron deficiency-induced chlorosis. Trends Plant Sci 27(5):502–509

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • To KY, Suen DF, Chen SC (1999) Molecular characterization of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase in rice leaves. Planta 209(1):66–76

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Trapnell C, Roberts A, Goff L, Pertea G, Kim D, Kelley DR, Pimentel H, Salzberg SL, Rinn JL, Pachter L (2012) Differential gene and transcript expression analysis of RNA-seq experiments with TopHat and Cufflinks. Nat Protoc 7(3):562–578

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Waheeda K, Kitchel H, Wang Q, Chiu PL (2023) Molecular mechanism of Rubisco activase: dynamic assembly and Rubisco remodeling. Front Mol Biosci 10:1125922

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Wang D, Li XF, Zhou ZJ, Feng XP, Yang WJ, Jiang DA (2010) Two Rubisco activase isoforms may play different roles in photosynthetic heat acclimation in the rice plant. Physiol Plant 139(1):55–67

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang D, Xie ZS, Yang J, Wang F (2014) Molecular characteristics and expression patterns of Rubisco activase, novel alternative splicing variants in a heterophyllous aquatic plant, Sagittaria graminea. Photosynthetica 52(1):83–95

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Werneke JM, Chatfield JM, Ogren WL (1989) Alternative mRNA splicing generates the two ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase polypeptides in spinach and Arabidopsis. Plant Cell 1(8):815–825

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Wijewardene I, Mishra N, Sun L, Smith J, Zhu X, Payton P, Shen G, Zhang H (2020) Improving drought-, salinity-, and heat-tolerance in transgenic plants by co-overexpressing Arabidopsis vacuolar pyrophosphatase gene AVP1 and Larrea Rubisco activase gene RCA. Plant Sci 296:110499

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wijewardene I, Shen G, Zhang H (2021) Enhancing crop yield by using Rubisco activase to improve photosynthesis under elevated temperatures. Stress Biol (1):2

  • Xu K, He B, Zhou S, Li Y, Zhang Y (2010) Cloning and characterization of the Rubisco activase gene from Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. Mol Biol Rep 37(2):661–668

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yao Y, Sun H, Xu F, Zhang X, Liu S (2011) Comparative proteome analysis of metabolic changes by low phosphorus stress in two Brassica napus genotypes. Planta 233(3):523–537

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yin Z, Meng F, Song H, Wang X, Xu X, Yu D (2010) Expression quantitative trait loci analysis of two genes encoding rubisco activase in soybean. Plant Physiol 152(3):1625–1637

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yin Z, Zhang Z, Deng D, Chao M, Gao Q, Wang Y, Yang Z, Bian Y, Hao D, Xu C (2014) Characterization of Rubisco activase genes in maize: an α-isoform gene functions alongside a β-isoform gene. Plant Physiol 164(4):2096–2106

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Yoo SD, Cho YH, Sheen J (2007) Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts: a versatile cell system for transient gene expression analysis. Nat Protoc 2(7):1565–1572

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang N, Portis AR Jr. (1999) Mechanism of light regulation of Rubisco: a specific role for the larger Rubisco activase isoform involving reductive activation by thioredoxin-f. Proc Natl Acad Sci 96(16):9438–9443

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang K, Liu H, Tao P, Chen H (2014) Comparative proteomic analyses provide new insights into low phosphorus stress responses in maize leaves. PLoS ONE 9(5):e98215

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang K, Liu H, Song J, Wu W, Li K, Zhang J (2016) Physiological and comparative proteome analyses reveal low-phosphate tolerance and enhanced photosynthesis in a maize mutant owing to reinforced inorganic phosphate recycling. BMC Plant Biol 16(1):129

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang H, Chu S, Zhang D (2017) Transcriptome dataset of soybean (Glycine max) grown under phosphorus-deficient and -sufficient conditions. Data 2(2):17

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Sun Q, Deng D, Liu H, Chen S, Yin Z (2019) Genetic determinants controlling maize rubisco activase gene expression and a comparison with rice counterparts. BMC Plant Biol 19(1):351

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou M, Zhu S, Mo X, Guo Q, Li Y, Tian J, Liang C (2022) Proteomic analysis dissects molecular mechanisms underlying plant responses to phosphorus deficiency. Cells 11(4):651

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31601347), the National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization Open Fund (CB2023A02), the Training Plan for Young Key Teachers in Institution of Higher Education in Henan Province (2020GGJS168), and the Key Science and Technology Special Project of Xinxiang City of China (22ZD003).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding, Henan Key Laboratory Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China

    Maoni Chao, Ling Huang, Genhai Hu, Qiufang Zhang, Jinbao Zhang & Qinglian Wang

  2. State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018, China

    Jie Dong

  3. Institute of Industrial Crops, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China

    Yu Chen

Authors
  1. Maoni Chao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ling Huang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jie Dong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yu Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Genhai Hu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Qiufang Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Jinbao Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Qinglian Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Q-L W and M-N C designed the experiments and managed the project. M-N C, L H, J D and Y C performed the experiments. M-N C, J D, G-H H, Q-F Z and J-B Z performed the data analyses. M-N C, L H and Q-L W wrote and revised the manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Qinglian Wang.

Ethics declarations

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Conflict of interest

The author declares no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary Material 1: Table S1.

Transcriptome data of GhRCAβ2 expression in different cotton tissues

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chao, M., Huang, L., Dong, J. et al. Molecular characterization and expression pattern of Rubisco activase gene GhRCAβ2 in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Genes Genom 46, 423–436 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13258-024-01494-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13258-024-01494-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation