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Numerical Analysis for Non-Uniformity of Balloon-Expandable Stent Deployment Driven by Dogboning and Foreshortening

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Abstract

Purpose

Stenting is the most common intervention for arteriosclerosis treatment; however, the success of the treatment depends on the incidence of in-stent restenosis (ISR). Stent deployment characteristics are major influencers of ISR and can be measured in terms of dogboning, asymmetry, and foreshortening. This study aimed to analyse the implications of balloon and stent-catheter assembly parameters on the stent deployment characteristics.

Methods

Experimental approach to analyse the impact of the balloon and stent-catheter assembly parameters on stent deployment characteristics is a time-consuming and complex task, whereas numerical methods prove to be quick, efficient, and reliable. In this study, eleven finite element models were employed to analyse non-uniform balloon stent expansion pattern, comprised of variation in, stent axial position on balloon, balloon length, balloon folding pattern, and balloon wall thickness.

Results

Obtained results suggest that the axially noncentral position of the stent on balloon and variable balloon thickness lead to non-uniform stent deployment pattern. Also, it was proved that variation in balloon length and balloon folding pattern influence deployment process.

Conclusion

Improved positional accuracies, uniform balloon wall thickness, and selection of the appropriate length of a balloon for selected stent configuration will help to minimize dogboning, asymmetry, and foreshortening during non-uniform stent expansion, thereby reducing the risk of restenosis. The stated numerical approach will be helpful to optimize stent catheter assembly parameters thus minimizing in-vitro tests and product development time.

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Acknowledgments

The authors express their sincere gratitude to the management of Sahajanand Medical Technologies Ltd. for providing motivation and support to carry out the research work.

Author Contribution

Study conception and design: Ganesh B. Rahinj, Menta V. Satyanarayana and Laxminarayanan Ramanan. Acquisition of data: Ganesh B. Rahinj, Menta V. Satyanarayana, Martin L. Sirivella and Harshit S. Chauhan. Analysis and interpretation of data: Ganesh B. Rahinj, Menta V. Satyanarayana, Martin L. Sirivella and Harshit S. Chauhan. Drafting of manuscript: Ganesh B. Rahinj. Critical revision: All authors reviewed the manuscript critically.

Funding

Not applicable.

Data Availability

Due to its proprietary nature, supporting data cannot be made publicly available and are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Conflict of interest

All authors are employees of Sahajanand Medical Technologies Ltd. and report no other conflicts of interest.

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Not applicable.

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Not applicable.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research and Development Department, Sahajanand Medical Technologies (SMT) Ltd., Surat, India

    Ganesh B. Rahinj, Harshit S. Chauhan, Martin L. Sirivella, Menta V. Satyanarayana & Laxminarayanan Ramanan

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  1. Ganesh B. Rahinj
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  2. Harshit S. Chauhan
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Correspondence to Ganesh B. Rahinj.

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Associate Editor Igor Efimov oversaw the review of this article.

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Rahinj, G.B., Chauhan, H.S., Sirivella, M.L. et al. Numerical Analysis for Non-Uniformity of Balloon-Expandable Stent Deployment Driven by Dogboning and Foreshortening. Cardiovasc Eng Tech 13, 247–264 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13239-021-00573-4

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