Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Maternal Characteristics and Outcomes Affected by COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia

  • Original Article
  • Published:
The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Aim

Compare the impact of the intervention on the outcome of pregnancy of patients receiving obstetric care with and non-COVID-19 diagnosis at a tertiary referral hospital located in the region of East Java, Indonesia.

Methods

This was a cross-sectional analysis of 694 pregnant women. These patients’ information was acquired based on the medical data obtained from the hospital. The Mann–Whitney test was used to analyze the disparities among the factors examined in this research investigation.

Results

There was a statistically significant difference in length of stay (LOS). It has been shown that individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 often exhibit a longer length of stay (LOS) in healthcare facilities compared to those who do not have the infection. More than fifty percent of patients gave birth by cesarean section, 83 in COVID-19 group and 283 in non-COVID-19 group. The most prevalent complications among COVID-19 patients were maternal infectious and parasitic diseases (1.3 vs 0%), prolonged labor (12.3 vs 9.6%) and puerperal complications (0.6 vs 0%). In 40.9% of COVID-19 patients, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was encountered. Infection due to COVID-19 had no discernible impact on the outcomes of pregnancy.

Conclusion

Numerous interventions, including cesarean delivery in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients, require reevaluation. It is imperative to undertake a comprehensive reassessment of the health care delivery system, with particular emphasis on enhancing the efficacy of the referral system.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. WHO. 2020. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) advice for the public: mythbusters. World Health Organization. 2020 [cited 2021 Aug 30]. Available from: https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019

  2. Ministry of health republic Indonesia. Penguatan sistem kesehatan dalam pengendalian COVID-19–P2P Kemenkes RI. 2021. Available from: http://p2p.kemkes.go.id/penguatan-sistem-kesehatandalam-pengendalian-covid-19/

  3. Akbar MIA, Gumilar KE, Andriya R, et al. Clinical manifestations and pregnancy outcomes of COVID-19 in indonesian referral hospital in central pandemic area. Obstet Gynecol Sci. 2022;65(1):29–36.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. PERSI. 2020. Soetomo hospital complains doctors and nurses are overwhelmed and fatigue, ministry of health promises to send help workers. Indonesian hospital association

  5. Mahendradhata Y, Andayani NLPE, Hasri ET, et al. The Capacity of the Indonesian healthcare system to respond to COVID-19. Front Public Health. 2021;9:1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet. 2020;395:809–15.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  7. Knight M, Bunch K, Vousden N, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women admitted to hospital with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in UK: national population based cohort study. BMJ. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m2107.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Arshad S, Raza S, Javed I. Effects of Covid-19 infection during pregnancy and neonatal prognosis. What is the evidence? Int J Med Sci Diagn Res. 2020;17(11):4176.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Amorita NA, Syahriarti I. Characteristics of pregnant women with COVID-19 and delivery outcomes at Kasih Ibu hospital Surakarta. J Kesehat Reprod. 2021;8(1):31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Grove SK, Cipher DJ. Statistics for nursing research: a workbook for evidence-based practice. New York: Elsevier; 2020.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Wardhana MP, Dachlan EG, Aditiawarman, et al. Maternal and perinatal outcome of COVID-19 in obstetric cases: 9 months experience from East Java tertiary referral hospital. New Armen Med J. 2021;15(3):39–46.

    Google Scholar 

  12. World Health Organization. Intra-action Review of Indonesia’s response to COVID-19: summary report. World Health Organ 2021. 2021

  13. Li N, Han L, Peng M, et al. Maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia: a case-control study. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;71(16):2035–41.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. POGI. Recommendations for handling corona virus infection (COVID-19) in maternal (Pregnant, maternity and postpartum). Maret. 2020. 1–28. Available from: https://pogi.or.id/publish/rekomendasi-penanganan-infeksi-virus-corona-Covid-19-pada-maternal

  15. Sarastry R, Layarta C, Aladini U, et al. Delivery routes in pregnancy with COVID-19 and the risk of intrapartum vertical transmission: a meta-analysis. Med J Indones. 2021;30(2):116–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Marchand G, Patil AS, Masoud AT, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of COVID-19 maternal and neonatal clinical features and pregnancy outcomes up to June 3, 2021. AJOG Glob Rep. 2022;2(1):100049.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. Zhang J, Zhang Y, Ma Y, et al. The associated factors of Cesarean section during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in nine cities of China. Environ Health Prev Med. 2020;25(1):1–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Molina G, Weiser TG, Lipsitz SR, et al. Relationship between cesarean delivery rate and maternal and neonatal mortality. JAMA. 2015;314(21):2263–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. World Health Organization. Appropriate technology for birth. Lancet. 1985; 436–437

  20. Townsend R, Chmielewska B, Barratt I, et al. Global changes in maternity care provision during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and metaanalysis. EClinicalMedicine. 2021;37:100947.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  21. Gurol-Urganci I, Waite L, Webster K, et al. Obstetric interventions and pregnancy outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic in England: a nationwide cohort study. PLoS Med. 2022;19(1):1–15.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Wang Z, Liu Y, Wei L, et al. What are the risk factors of hospital length of stay in the novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) patients? A survival analysis in southwest China. PLoS ONE. 2022;17(1):14–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Aggarwal AN, Agarwal R, Dhooria S, et al. Active pulmonary tuberculosis and coronavirus disease 2019: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2021;10:1–21.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Institute for Research and Community Service (LPPM) Universitas Airlangga (Grant No. Rp.30.000.000).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lecturer of Midwifery Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia

    Sofia Al Farizi & Dewi Setyowati

  2. Student of Midwifery Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia

    Azra Fauziyah Azyanti, Dyah Ayu Fatmaningrum & Rahayu Kusuma Candrakirana

Authors
  1. Sofia Al Farizi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Dewi Setyowati
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Azra Fauziyah Azyanti
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Dyah Ayu Fatmaningrum
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Rahayu Kusuma Candrakirana
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

SAF, DS were involved in conceptualization. DAF, AFA contributed to data curation. SAF, DAF were involved in formal analysis. SAF contributed to funding acquisition. DS, AZA were involved in methodology. RKC contributed to project administration. SAF, AZA were involved in writing—original draft. SAF, DAF, DS, AZA contributed to writing—review and editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sofia Al Farizi.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflicts of interest associated with the material presented in this paper.

Ethical Approval

This research was approved by the Health Research Ethics Commission of RSUD Dr. Soetomo with No. 0495/LOE/301/0.4.2/VI/2021.

Informed Consent

Here for this study it would be: As this is a retrospective study waiver of consent were obtained.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Sofia Al Farizi is an Lecturer; Dewi Setyowati is an Lecturer; Azra Fauziyah Azyanti is a Student, Dyah Ayu Fatmaningrum is a Student, Rahayu Kusuma Candrakirana is a Student.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Al Farizi, S., Setyowati, D., Azyanti, A.F. et al. Maternal Characteristics and Outcomes Affected by COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia. J Obstet Gynecol India 73, 504–511 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13224-023-01853-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13224-023-01853-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation