Abstract
Objectives
To study the recent trends in maternal and perinatal outcomes of triplet pregnancy from a perinatal centre in South India.
Methods
All triplet pregnancies booked at Fernandez hospital, Hyderabad (a tertiary care perinatal centre in South India), or those referred between 2000 and 2014 were included in the study. The maternal, fetal and neonatal outcome and any interventions like cerclage, steroid administration were studied.
Results
There were 82 triplet deliveries over the study period of 15 years (82 per 69,584 live births). Most of them (78%) conceived with assistance and 83% of the triplets were trichorionic triamniotic. Anaemia and pregnancy induced hypertension were the commonest medical disorders (40.2 and 22%, respectively). Mean gestational age at delivery was 32 ± 2.8 weeks and 91% were delivered by caesarean section. Preterm labour and preterm pre-labour rupture of membranes were present in 29 and 15%, respectively. Antenatal steroids were administered in 87.8 and 53.7% had a cerclage. There were 20.7% growth restricted fetuses and 5.6% still births among the triplets. The mean birthweight among the live born neonates was 1.5 kg, and birthweight discordancy of >25% was seen in 14%. Among the live born neonates, 80% required admission to the neonatal intensive care unit, 11% had culture positive sepsis, 3% had bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and 4% died during the hospital stay. None of them had periventricular leukomalacia or retinopathy requiring LASER. Mothers in the spontaneous conception group were younger and had more monochorionic triamniotic pregnancies than in the assisted conception groups (11.8 vs. 2.9%, p = 0.001). The incidence of PPROM was significantly more in the spontaneous conception group than in the ovulation induction, intrauterine insemination groups (29.4 vs. 2.9%, p = 0.03), we do not have an explanation for this. There was no difference in the other maternal, fetal or neonatal parameters based on the mode of conception.
Conclusion
Though triplet pregnancies are encountered infrequently, obstetricians should be familiar with their management. Appropriate antenatal, perinatal care with neonatal support can result in optimal outcome.
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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interests.
Ethical Approval
This is an analysis of records over 15 years, approved by the institute research board and ethical committee.
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Dr. Priya Rajan is a fellow in High risk pregnancy and perinatology at Fernandez Hospital, Hyderabad. Dr. Srinivas Murki is a senior consultant neonatologist. Dr. Suseela Vavilala is the Head of the Department of Fetal Medicine. Nirupama Surubhotla is a research associate at Fernandez Hospital.
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Rajan, P., Murki, S., Vavilala, S. et al. Maternal and Early Perinatal Outcomes of Triplet Pregnancy: Study of 82 Triplets from a Single Perinatal Centre in South India. J Obstet Gynecol India 68, 179–184 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13224-017-1002-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13224-017-1002-7