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Morphometric and genetic characterization of cultured and wild populations of tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus in India

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Abstract

To study genetic variation in Indian populations of tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, both truss morphometrics and genetic characterization have been performed. In the present study, 88 individuals from two farm populations (GIFT and West Bengal) and one reservoir population (Gujarat) were selected to analyse variations at ten morphometric landmarks and eight microsatellite loci. Truss morphometric analysis showed PCI, PCII, and PCIII expressing 29.1%, 21.36%, and 15.48% of the variance, respectively. Results showed no clear shift in shape between the studied populations of O. niloticus, indicating low morphological variability among them. The number of microsatellite alleles ranged from 3 to 9, while expected heterozygosity (HE) and observed heterozygosity (HO) values ranged from 0.56 (WB) to 0.68 (Guj) and 0.59 (GIFT) to 0.72 (Guj), respectively. The Gujarat and West Bengal populations had the smallest pairwise distance (0.0123) between them, indicating that they were genetically closer. Individuals from GIFT, however, showed the largest distance from the other populations. DNA marker variations revealed the highest genetic variability in the Gujarat population and the lowest variability in the GIFT population. The results of this study will help establish a base population for genetic improvement program and conservation of wild populations.

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Acknowledgements

The first author is grateful to CICS (Centre for International Co-operation in Science) and DARE (Department of Agriculture Research and Education) for the award of INSA JRD TATA Fellowship and approval to work, respectively. The authors are thankful to the Director, ICAR-CIFA (Indian Council of Agriculture Research-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture) for providing facilities to work.

Funding

C. K. Boussou was awarded with INSA JRD TATA fellowship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jean Lorougnon Guédé University, Bp89, Daloa, Ivory Coast

    Charles Koffi Boussou

  2. Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan

    Sofia P. Das

  3. Barcode Biosciences, Dr. Shivaram Karanth Nagar, Bengaluru, 560077, India

    Mausumee Mohanty

  4. Aquaculture production and Environment Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, 751002, India

    Sofia P. Das, Mausumee Mohanty, Gargee Das, Dhananjay K. Verma, Lakshman Sahoo, Padmanava Routray & Paramananda Das

  5. Fish Genetics and Biotechnology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, 751002, India

    Paramananda Das

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  1. Charles Koffi Boussou
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Contributions

Conceptualization: PD and LS; methodology: CKB, SPD, MM, GD; formal analysis and investigation: CKB, SPD, MM and GD; writing original draft preparation: CKB and SPD; sample provider: PR and DKV; supervision: PD; review and editing: all authors.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Paramananda Das.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

Research involving human participants and/or animals

All the procedures implemented for fish handling and fin collection were as per the Institute's ethical guidelines.

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Boussou, C.K., Das, S.P., Mohanty, M. et al. Morphometric and genetic characterization of cultured and wild populations of tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus in India. 3 Biotech 14, 51 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-023-03895-3

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