Abstract
Colloidal drug delivery systems are one of the most promising tools for the treatment of several diseases. We present a synthesis route based on four steps involving mesoporous silica-coated magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) capped by polyelectrolyte (PE) assembling. The morphology and physical properties of the different components of the system were investigated. The magnetite phase of the iron oxide nanoparticles was identified by X-ray diffraction before their incorporation into the mesoporous silica matrix by a sol–gel process. A MCM-41-like organized hexagonal mesoporous (≈4.2 nm) structure was achieved, as ensured by the αS-plot model. Polyethylenimine PEI and sodium alginate (ALG) PE layer-by-layer capping were successfully performed by simple successive dispersions of nanoparticles in the PE solution bath. TEM images confirmed a well-organized structure, as also supported by DLS and XPS analyses, which present an increase in diameter size and distinct chemical surface composition after each step of the synthesis. The two successive coatings of the MNPs induced a significative decrease of the magnetic susceptibility but kept sufficient intensity for drug delivery assisted by an external magnetic field. To validate the system as drug delivery, in vitro tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) loading and release studies were performed in PBS solution for 48 h. It was found that the TCH-loaded uncapped mesoporous silica NPs released more than 90% of TCH after 48 h. Meanwhile, when capped by the PEs, only 30% of the total drug amount was released, due to a hindrance of the drug diffusion by the PE layer. The present work suggests that the combination of the low cost and non-toxic hybrid system proposed has potential use in nanomedicine as a drug delivery vehicle.
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Acknowledgements
This project was financially supported by FAPESP (Proc. no. 2014/50983-3). The authors also thank the financial support provided by CNPq (proc. nos. 305601/2019-9 and 428333/2018-4) and the Multiuser Experimental Center (CEM-UFABC) for access to its facilities.
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Alavarse, A.C., de Castro, C.E., dos Santos Andrade, L. et al. Synthesis of nanostructured mesoporous silica-coated magnetic nuclei with polyelectrolyte layers for tetracycline hydrochloride control release. Appl Nanosci 10, 3693–3702 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-020-01482-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-020-01482-z