Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Size-controlled synthesis of nanocrystalline CdSe thin films by inert gas condensation

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Applied Nanoscience Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Size, shape and structure are considered to have significant influence on various properties of semiconducting nanomaterials. Different properties of these materials can be tailored by controlling the size. Size-controlled CdSe crystallites ranging from ∼ 04 to 95 nm were deposited by inert gas-condensation technique (IGC). In IGC method, by controlling the inert gas pressure in the condensation chamber and the substrate temperature or both, it was possible to produce nanoparticles with desired size. Structure and crystallite size of CdSe thin films were determined from Hall–Williamson method using X-ray diffraction data. The composition of CdSe samples was estimated by X-ray microanalysis. It was confirmed that CdSe thin film with different nanometer range crystallite sizes were synthesized with this technique, depending upon the synthesis conditions. The phase of deposited CdSe thin films also depend upon deposition conditions and cubic to hexagonal phase transition was observed with increase in substrate temperature. The effect of crystallite size on optical and electrical properties of these films was also studied. The crystallite size affects the optical band gap, electrical conductivity and mobility activation of nanocrystalline CdSe thin films. Mobility activation study suggested that there is a quasi-continuous linear distribution of three different trap levels below the conduction band.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Acharya S, Bangera KV, Shivakumar GK (2015) Electrical characterization of vacuum-deposited p-CdTe/n–ZnSe heterojunctions. Appl Nanosci 5:1003–1007

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Al-Kabbi AS, Sharma K, Saini GSS, Tripathi SK (2013) Effect of doping on trapping center parameters in nanocrystalline CdSe thin films. J Alloys Compd 555:1–5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anbarasi M, Nagarethinam VS, Balu AR (2015) Studies on the physical properties of CdS thin films with different S/Cd molar ratios fabricated by spray pyrolysis technique using perfume atomizer. Int Appl Sci Eng Res 4(1):135–146

    Google Scholar 

  • Bakiyaraj G, Dhanasekaran R (2013) Synthesis and characterization of flower-like ZnSe nanostructured thin films by chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. Appl Nanosci 3:125–131

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bathusha MSS, Chandramohan R, Vijayan TA, Kumar SS, Kumar SRS, Ayeshamariam A, Jayachandran M (2016) Effect of temperature of electron beam evaporated CdSe thin films. J Mater Sci Eng 5(6):1000297

    Google Scholar 

  • Chepkasov IV, Gafner YY, Gafner SL, Bardahanov SP (2016) Condensation of Cu nanoparticles from the gas phase. Phys Metals Metallogr 117:1003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davies CN (ed) (1966) Aerosol science. Academic Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Deshpande MP, Garg N, Bhatt SV, Sakariya P, Chaki SH (2013) Spectroscopy and structural study on CdSe thin films deposited by chemical bath deposition. Adv Mater Lett 4(11):869–874

    Google Scholar 

  • Devlin SS (1967) Physics and chemistry of II–VI compounds. In: Aven M, Prener JS (eds). North Holland Publishing Company, Amsterdam, pp 587–589

  • Dohare C, Mehta N (2013) Iso-conversional analysis of glass transition and crystallization in as-synthesis high yield of glassy Se\(_{98}\)Cd\(_{2}\) nanorods. Appl Nanosci 3:271–280

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fuhs W, Meyer D (1974) Recombination in amorphous arsenic triselenide. Phys Status Solidi A 24:275

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia VM, Nair MTS, Nair PK, Zingaro RA (1996) Preparation of highly photosensitive CdSe thin films by a chemical bath deposition technique. Semicond Sci Technol 11:427432

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Haas V, Gleiter H, Birringer R (1993) Synthesis of nanostructured materials by the use of a thermophoretic forced flux system. Scripta Metall Mater 28:721

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hone FG, Ampong FK, Abza T, Nkrumah I, Nkum RK, Boakye F (2015) Synthesis and characterization of CdSe nanocrystalline thin film by chemical bath deposition technique. Int J Thin Film Sci Technol 2:69–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang B, Cao MH, Nie FD, Huang H, Hu CW (2013) Construction and properties of structure- and size-controlled micro/nano-energetic materials. Defence Technol 9:59–79

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Igalson M (1982) Photoconductivity decay in Te–Ge–Sb glasses. Solid State Commun 44:247–250

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Islam A, Das C, Choudhury S, Sharmin M, Begum T (2014) Structural and optical characterization of vacuum evaporated zinc selenide thin films. Eur Sci J 10(15):241

    Google Scholar 

  • Kale SS, Lokhande CD (2000) Thickness-dependent properties of chemically deposited CdSe thin films. Mater Chem Phys 62:103–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kale RB, Lokhande CD (2004) Influence of air annealing on the structural, optical and electrical properties of chemically deposited CdSe nano-crystallites. Appl Surf Sci 223:343

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kalita PK, Sarma BK, Das HL (2003) Space charge limited conduction in CdSe thin films. Bull Mater Sci 26(6):613–617

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kariper IA (2016) Optical and structural properties of CdSe thin film produced by chemical bath deposition. J Non-Oxide Glass 8:1–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Kissinger NJS, Suthagar J, Balasubramaniam T, Perumal K (2010) Effect of substrate temperature on the structural and optical properties of nanocrystalline cadmium selenide thin films prepared by electron beam evaporation technique. Acta Phys Pol A 118(4):623–628

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Korashy E, Zahed HE, Zayed HA, Kanawy MA (1995) Effect of composition and structure on electrical conduction of Se\(_{(100-x)}\)Te\(_{(x)}\) films. Solid State Commun 95(5):335–339

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krauss D, Brus LE (2000) Electronic properties of single semiconductor nanocrystals: optical and electrostatic force microscopy measurements. Mater Sci Eng B 6970:289294

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumar MMD, Devadason S (2013) Structural and optical properties of CdTe/CdSe heterostructure multilayer thin films prepared by physical vapor deposition technique. Appl Nanosci 3:453459

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumar P, Thangaraj R (2009) Effect of phase separation on the kinetics of photocurrent relaxation in SnSbSe glassy films. J Phys Condens Matter 21:375102

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li J, Tang X, Lua Z, Qian Y (2010) Synthesis of CdSe micro/nanocrystals with controllable multiform morphologies and crystal phases. J Alloys Compd 497:390–395

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu XD, Ding BZ, Hu ZQ, Lu K, Wang YZ (1993) Properties of nanocrystalline Fe–Cu–Si–B alloys generated by crystallization of the amorphous alloy. Phys B 192:345

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ma C, Wu D, Yao X, Liu X, Wei M, Liu Y, Ma Z, Huo P, Yan Y (2017) Enhanced visible-light photocatalytic decomposition of organic dye over CdSe/Al\(_{2}\)TiO\(_{5}\) heterojunction photocatalysts. J Alloys Compd 712:486–493

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maicu M, Schmittgens R, Hecker D, Glob D, Frach P, Gerlach G (2014) Synthesis and deposition of metal nanoparticles by gas condensation process. J Vac Sci Technol A 32(2):02B113

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mathuri S, Ramamurthi K, Babu RR (2017) Influence of deposition distance and substrate temperature on the CdSe thin films deposited by electron beam evaporation technique. Thin Solid Films 625:138–147

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meshram RS, Thombre RM (2015) Structural and optical properties of CdSe thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis technique. Int J Adv Sci Eng Technol 1:167–170

    Google Scholar 

  • Ovidko IA (2000) Interfaces and misfit defects in nanostructued and polycrystalline films. Rev Adv Mater Sci 1:61–107

    Google Scholar 

  • Padiyan DP, Marikani A, Murali KR (2000) Electrical and photoelectrical properties of vacuum deposited SnSe thin films. Cryst Res Technol 35:949–957

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pankove JI (1971) Optical processes in semiconductors. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs

    Google Scholar 

  • Perez-Tijerina E, Pinilla MG, Mejia-Rosales S, Ortiz-Mendez U, Torresb A, Jose-Yacaman M (2008) Highly size-controlled synthesis of Au/Pd nanoparticles by inert-gas condensation. Faraday Discuss 138:353–362

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pinilla MG, Martnez E, Vidaurri GS, Tijerina EP (2010) Deposition of size-selected Cu nanoparticles by inert gas condensation. Nanoscale Res Lett 5:180–188

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ponce AR, Olguin D, Calderon IH (2003) Calculation of the effective masses of II–VI semiconductor compounds. Superficies y Vacio 16(2):26–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Reichelt K, Jiang X (1990) The preparation of thin films by physical vapour deposition methods. Thin Solid Films 191:91–126

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rose A (1963) Concepts in photoconductivity and allied problems. Interscience, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharma KN, Barua K (1979) Electrical properties of evaporated CdSe films. J Phys D Appl Phys 12:1729–1735

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma J, Saini GSS, Goyal N, Tripathi SK (2007) Thermally induced changes on the electrical and optical properties of nanocrystalline CdSe thin films. J Optoelectron Adv Mater 9(10):3194–3199

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharma K, Al-Kabbi AS, Saini GSS, Tripathi SK (2012) Electrical conduction mechanism in nanocrystalline CdTe (nc-CdTe) thin films. Appl Phys A 108:911920

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma J, Shikha D, Tripathi SK (2012) Electrical characterization of nanocrystalline zinc selenide thin films. J Theor Appl Phys 6(16):1–5

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharma J, Singh R, Singh H, Singh T, Singh P, Thakur A, Tripathi SK (2017) Synthesis of SnSe2 thin films by thermally induced phase transition in SnSe. J Alloys Compd 724:62–66

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma J, Singh H, Singh T (2017) Study of the mobility activation in ZnSe thin films deposited using inert gas condensation. J Sci Adv Mater Devices 2:432–436

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shen CM, Zhang XG, Li HL (2001) Effect of pH on the electrochemical deposition of cadmium selenide nanocrystal films. Mater Sci Eng B 84:265270

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh S, Shrivastava AK (2017) Structural and morphological characterization of CdSe: Mn thin films. Parmana J Phy 89–15:1–4

    Google Scholar 

  • Suresh S, Arunseshan C (2013) Dielectric properties of cadmium selenide (CdSe) nanoparticles synthesized by solvothermal method. Appl Nanosci 4(2):179–184

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tajiri T, Saisho S, Mito M, Deguchi H, Konishi K, Kohno A (2015) Size dependence of crystal structure and magnetic properties of NiO nanoparticles in mesoporous silica. J Phys Chem C 119(2):1194–1200

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tan ST, Chen BJ, Sun XW, Hu X, Zhang XH, Chua SJ (2005) Properties of polycrystalline ZnO thin films by metal organic chemical vapor deposition. J Cryst Growth 281:571576

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thakur A, Sharma V, Saini GSS, Goyal N, Tripathi SK (2005) Effect of light intensity and temperature on the recombination mechanism in a-(Ge20Se80) 99.5 Cu0. 5 thin film. J Phys D Appl Phys 38:1959

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thakur A, Sharma V, Chandel PS, Goyal N, Saini GSS, Tripathi SK (2006) Photoconductivity in thin film of a-(Ge\(_{20}\)Se\(_{80}\))\(_{0.90}\)Sn\(_{0.10}\). J Mater Sci 41(8):2327

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thool GS, Singh AK, Singh RS, Gupta A, Susan MABH (2014) Facile synthesis of flat crystal ZnO thin films by solution growth method: a micro-structural investigation. J Saudi Chem Soc 18(5):712

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Warren BE, Averbach BL (1959) The effect of cold-work distortion on X-ray pattens. J Appl Phys 21:596

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu D, Guo G, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Gui L (2003) Nanocrystal size control by bath temperature in electrodeposited CdSe thin films. J Mater Chem 13:360364

    Google Scholar 

  • Yadav AA, Barote MA, Masumdar EU (2010) Studies on cadmium selenide (CdSe) thin films deposited by spray pyrolysis. Mater Chem Phys 121:5357

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zak AK, Majid WHA, Abrishami ME, Yousefi R (2011) X-ray analysis of ZnO nanoparticles by Williamson–Hall and size-strain plot methods. Solid State Sci 13:251–256

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao J, Singh V, Grammatikopoulos P, Cassidy C, Aranishi K, Sowwan M, Nordlund K, Djurabekova F (2015) Crystallization of silicon nanoclusters with inert gas temperature control. Phys Rev B 91:035419

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nanotechnology, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, 140 407, India

    Jeewan Sharma, Randhir Singh & Akshay Kumar

  2. Department of Physics, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, 140 407, India

    Tejbir Singh

  3. Department of Physics, D.A.V. College, Chandigarh, 160 010, India

    Paras Agrawal

  4. Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147 002, India

    Anup Thakur

Authors
  1. Jeewan Sharma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Randhir Singh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Akshay Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Tejbir Singh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Paras Agrawal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Anup Thakur
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jeewan Sharma.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sharma, J., Singh, R., Kumar, A. et al. Size-controlled synthesis of nanocrystalline CdSe thin films by inert gas condensation. Appl Nanosci 8, 359–367 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-018-0683-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-018-0683-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation