Abstract
The vast biodiversity of endophytic fungi and its potential to improve the production of bioactive metabolites in host plants has attracted intense research of endophytic fungi. However, extensive research is needed to explore in detail the interaction between specific endophytic fungi, host physiological responses and changes to plant secondary metabolites. The present work shows that an endophytic fungus Trichoderma atroviride D16 can promote the accumulation of tanshinones in the root of S. miltiorrhiza, and also can induce the production of abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA) in the root of S. miltiorrhiza. Pre-treatment of plantlets with biosynthetic inhibitors of ABA or SA blocked the endophytic fungi-induced tanshinones production. ABA inhibitors not only inhibited the accumulation of tanshinones induced by endophytic fungi, but also inhibited the production of ABA and SA; However, SA inhibitors have no obvious inhibition on the biosynthesis of induced ABA, which means that SA plays a role in the downstream of ABA production. These results confirmed that exogenous ABA and SA can reversed the inhibition in the inhibitors on the accumulation of tanshinones induced by endophytic fungi. Endophytic fungi, ABA and SA treatments also significantly increased the transcriptional activity of genes in the tanshinone biosynthesis pathway, the main pathway for endophytic fungi to induce the synthesis of tanshinones was found to be the mevalonate pathway. These results indicate that T. atroviride D16, as an endogenous elicitor, stimulates the biosynthesis of tanshinones in the root of S. miltiorrhiza, thereby yielding additional insight into the interconnection between ABA and SA in biosynthesis-related signaling pathways.
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Acknowledgements
This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant Nos. 82174091 and 81872953], and the Basic Medical Research Project of Naval Medical University [Grant No. 2022MS004].
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Ting-Han and Kun-Miao Feng conceived and designed the work; Xing-Guang Xie, Ke-Xin Sheng and Wei-Lan Lu performed the research, manuscript writing and review; Hao-Ran Wang and Khalid Rahman performed part of the experiments, manuscript writing and review, respectively; all authors have read and approved the manuscript.
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Xie, XG., Sheng, KX., Lu, WL. et al. Endophytic fungus Trichoderma atroviride D16 increases tanshinone accumulation in Salvia miltiorrhiza plantlets by enhancing abscisic acid and salicylic acid signaling. Symbiosis 90, 171–181 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-023-00927-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-023-00927-7