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Sediment Geochemistry, Accumulation Rates and Forest Structure in a Large Tropical Mangrove Ecosystem

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Abstract

We evaluated the forest structure, pore water salinity, geochemical characteristics, grain-size distribution and sediment accumulation rates (SAR) in 15 mangrove sites along the San Pedro Mezquital River, one of the major sources of fresh water supply to the Marismas Nacionales System. Sediments were sandy-silty with high organic matter content (5.8 ± 1.5% to 23.6 ± 1.7%). The marine (Na, Cl and Br) and terrigenous (Al, Ti, Rb and Zr) elements indicated that sediments were mostly of continental provenance, with small marine contribution. SAR ranged from 0.08 ± 0.01 to 2.29 ± 0.28 cm yr−1. Laguncularia racemosa was the dominant species in the northern sites (between Toluca Lagoon and Mexcaltitan Lagoon), with a mean basal area of 11.1–49.3 m2 ha−1, whereas Rhizophora mangle prevailed in the southern sites, closer to the river mouth (between Boca Camichin and Los Limones River, mean basal area of 2.0–11.0 m2 ha−1). The southern area was characterized by lower forest attributes, and higher pore water salinity and sediment accumulation rates than the northern area. We concluded that mangrove preservation along SPMR requires insuring appropriate fresh water and sediment supply, and the control of organic matter pollution sources.

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Acknowledgements

This work has been supported by Federal Electricity Commission (grant CFE-GEIC/UAC-LHC/009-2014), the agreement UNAM-UAC 2988-221-8-X-92, and by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (grant CONACyT CB2010-153492). Thanks are due to G. Ramírez Reséndiz, C. Suárez Gutiérrez, D. Oviedo (database and figures), H. Bojórquez-Leyva (laboratory assistance) and Alejandro Lugo, Gerardo Martinez Kumul and Cynthia May Herrera (field work). PRODEP network “Aquatic contamination: levels and effects” (year 3).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Académica Mazatlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Calz. Joel Montes Camarena s/n, 82000, Mazatlán, Sinaloa, México

    A. C. Ruiz-Fernández, L. H. Pérez-Bernal & P. G. López-Mendoza

  2. Instituto EXPOMEX, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Av. Héroe de Nacozari #480, Campus 6 de Investigaciones, 24029 San Francisco de Campeche, Campeche, México

    C. M. Agraz-Hernández, M. Díaz-Asencio, J. Osti Saenz & J. E. Reyes Castellanos

  3. Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Unidad Académica Procesos Oceánicos y Costeros, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Circuito Exterior s/n, 04510, Ciudad de México, México

    J. A. Sanchez-Cabeza

  4. Centro de Estudios Ambientales de Cienfuegos, Carretera Castillo de Jagua km 1.5, Ciudad Nuclear, 59350, Cienfuegos, Cuba

    M. Díaz-Asencio

  5. Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Av. Agustín Melgar s/n entre Juan de la Barrera y Calle 20, Col. Buenavista, 24039 San Francisco de Campeche, Campeche, México

    C. A. Chan Keb

  6. Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Ciudad de la Cultura “Amado Nervo”, 63155 Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico

    J. M. Blanco y Correa

  7. Universidad Politécnica de Sinaloa (UPSIN), Carretera Municipal Libre Mazatlán Higueras Km 3, 82199, Mazatlán, México

    J. F. Ontiveros-Cuadras

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  1. A. C. Ruiz-Fernández
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  3. J. A. Sanchez-Cabeza
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Correspondence to A. C. Ruiz-Fernández.

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Ruiz-Fernández, A.C., Agraz-Hernández, C.M., Sanchez-Cabeza, J.A. et al. Sediment Geochemistry, Accumulation Rates and Forest Structure in a Large Tropical Mangrove Ecosystem. Wetlands 38, 307–325 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-017-0969-2

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