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A detailed investigation of Jutana Formation for depositional setting in Indus Basin, Pakistan

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A Correction to this article was published on 12 April 2024

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Abstract

The origin and depositional setting of dolomites remain a complex and debated topic. In the Indus Basin Pakistan, the dolomites in Jutana Formation form a thick sequence within the Cambrian stratigraphy. The current study investigates the detailed depositional setting as well as the mineralogical composition of dolomites in the Jutana Formation to provide insight into their origin. The study focuses on integrating the microfacies and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with X-ray diffraction (XRD) data along with Wireline logs of Jutana Formation in Khewra Gorge, Eastern Salt Range. Based on field and petrographic observations, four microfacies were identified including (a) siliciclastic algal laminated dolomitic breccia (MJD-1), (b) burrowed sandy ferroan dolomicrite (MJD-2), (c) in-situ medium-coarse grained dolomicrite-dolosparite (MJD-3), (d) fine grained micaceous dolosparite (MJD-4). The microfacies analysis reveals that the deposition of the Jutana Formation is primary on carbonate platform in peritidal environments, ranging from supratidal to subtidal. Digenesis has obliterated most of the primary depositional features, making the interpretation of the original depositional setting challenging. The XRD analysis suggests that these dolomites are nearly stoichiometric and less ordered, indicating an early diagenetic setting, further supported by the presence of anhydrite seen under the SEM. The original depositional setting on the carbonate platform is also supported by cross plot graph wireline logs.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to University of Peshawar for assistance during field work. The authors are also show deep gratitude to the Institute for Advanced Marine Research, CUG Guangzhou for interpretation and laboratory analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Advanced Marine Research, China University of Geosciences, 511462, Guangzhou, China

    Maqsood Ur Rahman

  2. Centre for Earth & Space Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, Pakistan

    Muhammad Ibrar

  3. Department of Geology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, 25120, Pakistan

    Hameed Ur Rehman, Suleman Khan & Syed Saddam Hussain

  4. State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China

    Abdullah Khan

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  1. Muhammad Ibrar
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  2. Hameed Ur Rehman
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  3. Suleman Khan
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Contributions

M.I, H.R, S.S.H proposed the research work and performed the fieldwork, M.R, and A.K helped the field party in the analysis and interpretations. M.I, H.R, S.S.H prepared the initial draft of the manuscript which is finalized by M.R. All the research work was under the supervision of S.K.

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Correspondence to Maqsood Ur Rahman.

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Ibrar, M., Rehman, H.U., Khan, S. et al. A detailed investigation of Jutana Formation for depositional setting in Indus Basin, Pakistan. Carbonates Evaporites 39, 24 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13146-024-00951-8

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