Abstract
The Mishrif sequence in the West Qurna oilfield is a long-term, second-order shallowing-upward cycle with a regional unconformity at the top. Due to changes in rock textures and pore types, permeability in the Mishrif is highly variable (ranging from < 0.01 to > 1000 mD) and does not generally correlate well to porosity. Nevertheless, there is generally a good correspondence between depositional texture and their respective sequence-stratigraphic position and reservoir quality. In this study, Reservoir Rock Typing (RRT) was modified according to core data, depositional model, and diagenesis controls that were recorded recently to characterize permeability variations, linking it to the geological processes controlling the initial depositional fabric and the subsequent diagenetic overprint then the storage capacity was re-estimated according to these changes. The results show that the sequence stratigraphic model for the Mishrif Formation in the West Qurna/1 oilfield reflects six Reservoir Rock type groups. Grainstone and rudstone are the most abundant in the Highstand to late Highstand of the Upper Mishrif (mA) and the Middle Mishrif (mB). High flow zones in the upper unit of the Middle Mishrif (mB1) are confined to channels and spillover lobes. Microporous RRT 1 and RRT 2 are most abundant in the transgressive phases of the Lower Mishrif (mC) and the bottom of the Middle Mishrif (mB2L). In RRT 0, it is also the toes of the clinoforms exist to represent the vertical baffles of flow. RRT 00, the “cap rock intervals,” are generally developed below third-order sequence boundaries, forming widespread vertical barriers to flow. The results indicate clearly that the Grainstones and Microporous layers have about 70% of the total reserves in this Formation. Due to the complexity of the Mishrif Reservoir and limited test data, many uncertainties remain, such as mA geologic understanding, mB1 tidal channels, mB2L complexities and uncertainties, property degradation from top to bottom and from northeast to southwest, and depositional environment of clinoforms.
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Abbreviations
- Bo:
-
Oil formation volume factor (shrinkage factor)—RB/STB
- dv/r :
-
Derivative volume over radius
- K :
-
Permeability
- mD:
-
Mille Darcy
- R :
-
Radius
- μm:
-
Micrometer
- φ :
-
Porosity
- BOC:
-
Basrah Oil Company
- CRI:
-
Cap rock 1
- CRII:
-
Cap rock 2
- EHST:
-
Early highstand systems tract
- FMI:
-
Full-bore formation micro imager
- FMS:
-
Formation micro scanner
- GBO:
-
Giga barrel of oil
- GR:
-
Gamma ray
- GRV:
-
Gross rock volume
- HDT:
-
High resolution dipmeter tool
- HFLs:
-
High flow layers
- HST:
-
Highstand systems tracts
- ILD:
-
Deep induction log
- LHST:
-
Late highstand systems tracts
- mA:
-
Upper Mishrif
- mB1:
-
Lower Mishrif part 1
- mB2:
-
Lower Mishrif part 2
- mB2L:
-
Lower part of mB2 unit
- mB2U:
-
Upper part of mB2 unit
- mC:
-
Bottom unit of the Mishrif or Rumaila
- MICP:
-
Mercury-injection capillary pressure
- PLTs:
-
Production logging tools
- RCA:
-
Routine core analysis
- RN:
-
North Rumaila oilfield
- RRTs:
-
Reservoir rock types
- RS:
-
South Rumaila oilfield
- SB:
-
Sequence boundary
- SCAL:
-
Special core analysis
- SHDT:
-
Stratigraphic high resolution dipmeter tool
- STOOIP:
-
Stock tank original oil in place
- TPS:
-
Total pore size
- TST:
-
Transgressive systems tract
- WQ:
-
West Qurna oilfield
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Al-Dujaili, A.N. Reservoir rock typing and storage capacity of Mishrif Carbonate Formation in West Qurna/1 Oil Field, Iraq. Carbonates Evaporites 38, 83 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13146-023-00908-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13146-023-00908-3