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Regional climatic effects according to different estimations of biogenic volatile organic compounds during the asian summer monsoon

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Abstract

A series of 60-year numerical experiments starting from 1851 was conducted using a global climate model coupled with an aerosol-cloud-radiation model to investigate the response of the Asian summer monsoon to variations in the secondary organic aerosol (SOA) flux induced by two different estimations of biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions. One estimation was obtained from a pre-existing archive and the other was generated by a next-generation model (the Model of Emissions of Gases and Aerosols from Nature, MEGAN). The use of MEGAN resulted in an overall increase of the SOA production through a higher rate of gasto-particle conversion of BVOCs. Consequently, the atmospheric loading of organic carbon (OC) increased due to the contribution of SOA to OC aerosol. The increase of atmospheric OC aerosols was prominent in particular in the Indian subcontinent and Indochina Peninsula (IP) during the pre- and early-monsoon periods because the terrestrial biosphere is the major source of BVOC emissions and the atmospheric aerosol concentration diminishes rapidly with the arrival of monsoon rainfall. As the number of atmospheric OC particles increased, the number concentrations of cloud droplets increased, but their size decreased. These changes represent a combination of aerosol-cloud interactions that were favorable to rainfall suppression. However, the modeled precipitation was slightly enhanced in May over the oceans that surround the Indian subcontinent and IP. Further analysis revealed that a compensating updraft in the surrounding oceans was induced by the thermally-driven downdraft in the IP, which was a result of surface cooling associated with direct OC aerosol radiative forcing, and was able to surpass the aerosolcloud interactions. The co-existence of oceanic ascending motion with the maximum convective available potential energy was also found to be crucial for rainfall formation. Although the model produced statistically significant rainfall changes with locally organized patterns, the suggested pathways should be considered guardedly because in the simulation results, 1) the BVOC-induced aerosol direct effect was marginal; 2) cloud-aerosol interactions were modeldependent; and 3) Asian summer monsoons were biased to a nonnegligible extent.

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Author notes

  1. Kumiko Takata

    Present address: Arctic Environment Research Center, National Institute of Polar Research, Tokyo, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Climate Research Department, APEC Climate Center, Busan, Korea

    Hyung-Jin Kim

  2. Research Institute for Global Change, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Yokohama, Japan

    Kumiko Takata, Katsunori Tanaka, Jun Matsumoto & Kazuyuki Saito

  3. Department of Geography, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan

    Ryoji Yamashima & Jun Matsumoto

  4. Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Toshihiko Takemura

  5. Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Kyoto, Japan

    Tetsuzo Yasunari

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  1. Hyung-Jin Kim
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Kim, HJ., Takata, K., Tanaka, K. et al. Regional climatic effects according to different estimations of biogenic volatile organic compounds during the asian summer monsoon. Asia-Pacific J Atmos Sci 50, 423–435 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13143-014-0033-6

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