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Farmers’ management of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) diversity, their varietal preference traits and uses in Southern and Central Benin

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Abstract

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the major oilseed legumes contributing to food security in Benin. Unfortunately, several constraints hamper its production leading to a low yield. A good knowledge of on-farm management of peanut diversity and uses that allow its maintenance in traditional Beninese agriculture are prerequisites to establish an efficient breeding programme. Therefore, this study aims to document peanut varietal diversity, folk nomenclature, seed system, storage constraints, pest management practices, varietal preference criteria, cultural taboos and uses in southern and central Benin. Two hundred and sixteen farmers were surveyed through 32 villages in southern and central Benin using rural appraisal tools. Fifty-four peanut local varieties grouped into eight morphotypes based on the seed characteristics were registered. The number of local varieties maintained per village ranged from 1 to 11 and varied between 1 and 4 per household. The drop in yield was the main reason of peanut varietal abandonment. Rodent attacks were the most important constraints of peanut production. Varietal preference criteria varied from ethnic groups with seed size and many pod/seeds per plant as the main preferred traits. Peanut seed system was mainly informal. To alleviate pest problems in stored peanut, producers used biocidal plants and synthetic chemicals. Some cultural taboos and various uses of peanuts have been recorded. Our results suggest that for boosting peanut production in central and southern Benin, breeders must create high-yielding peanut varieties. However, it is important to take into account the preference varietal criteria of each ethnic group for their adoption. For a good estimation of peanut diversity in the study area, morphological and molecular characterizations were recommended.

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Raw and treated data generated during study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We express our sincere gratitude to all village chiefs and surveyed farmers for their contributions to the success of this study.

Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Biosciences et Biotechnologies Appliquées (ENSBBA), Université Nationale des Sciences, Technologies, Ingénierie et Mathématiques, BP 14, Dassa, Benin

    Yêyinou Laura Estelle Loko, Azize Orobiyi, Joelle Toffa, Dieudonné Gavoedo & Alexandre Dansi

  2. Ecole de Gestion et de Production Végétale et Semencière (EGPVS), Université Nationale d’Agriculture, BP 43, Kétou, Bénin

    David Montcho & Elodie Hounmakou

  3. Ecole d’Horticulture et d’Aménagement des Espaces Verts (EHAEV), Université Nationale d’Agriculture, BP 43, Kétou, Benin

    Martine Zandjanakou-Tachin

Authors
  1. Yêyinou Laura Estelle Loko
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  2. David Montcho
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  3. Martine Zandjanakou-Tachin
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  4. Azize Orobiyi
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  5. Joelle Toffa
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  6. Elodie Hounmakou
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  7. Dieudonné Gavoedo
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  8. Alexandre Dansi
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Contributions

LYLE designed and funded the study. OA, HE and GD carried out interview work. LYLE analysed, interpreted the data and drafted the manuscript. LYLE, MD, TJ, Z-TM, and DA corrected the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Yêyinou Laura Estelle Loko.

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Loko, Y.L.E., Montcho, D., Zandjanakou-Tachin, M. et al. Farmers’ management of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) diversity, their varietal preference traits and uses in Southern and Central Benin. J. Crop Sci. Biotechnol. 23, 259–272 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12892-020-00034-9

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