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Retrieving surface secondary subsidence in closed mines with time-series SAR interferometry combining persistent and distributed scatterers

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Abstract

The groundwater recovery in closed mines causes surface secondary subsidence or uplift, which threatens the safety of buildings around the mines. However, due to the long-lasting surface subsidence in closed mines, the coherence points selected by permanent scatterer (PS) interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) are not enough to reflect the spatio-temporal evolution pattern of surface subsidence. Therefore, this study proposes a distributed scatterer (DS) InSAR method by integrating statistically homogeneous pixels selection and phase optimization into PSInSAR. To prove the effectiveness of DSInSAR, PSInSAR is employed synchronously to obtain the surface subsidence of closed mines in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, based on 88 scenes Sentinel-1A images from October 2016 to October 2019. The results show that the spatial heterogeneity of surface subsidence (− 35 mm/year to \(+\) 35 mm/year) in closed mines is obvious, the coherent point density of DSInSAR is 13.3 times that of PSInSAR, and DSInSAR retrieves three subsidence areas that PSInSAR missed. Moreover, the results of DSInSAR and PSInSAR are consistent, with a correlation of 0.92. Compared with the leveling data shows that the root mean square error (RMSE) of DSInSAR monitoring results is 3.81 mm, which is slightly higher than that of PSInSAR (RMSE: 3.84 mm). Finally, the difference between the surface subsidence of closed and mining mines was analyzed, which shows that the surface secondary subsidence of closed mines is complex, uneven, and diverse. Therefore, obtaining the long-term and complete surface subsidence of closed mines is of great significance to predict and prevent surface subsidence disasters.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to express their gratitude to the European Space Agency (ESA) for providing the Sentinel-1 data and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) for providing the SRTM DEM data.

Funding

This work was partly supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Colleges (No. KJ2021A0445), the research Initiation Fund for High-level Imported Talents of Anhui University of Science and Technology (No. 2021yjrc54),the Coal Industry Engineering Research Center of Mining Area Environmental And Disaster Cooperative Monitoring(Anhui University of Science and Technology) (No. KSXTJC202208), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51774270, 52074010), outstanding young talent projects of Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province (No. 2108085Y20).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Geomatics, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232001, China

    Zheng Meinan

  2. School of Environmental Science and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China

    Zheng Meinan, Deng Kazhong, Fan Hongdong, Zhang Hongzhen & Qin Xipeng

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  1. Zheng Meinan
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  2. Deng Kazhong
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  3. Fan Hongdong
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  4. Zhang Hongzhen
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Contributions

Conceptualization, ZM and DK; methodology, ZM and FH; investigation and analysis, ZM, DK and ZH; funding acquisition, ZM and DK; supervision, ZH and QX; writing—original draft, ZM; writing—review and editing, FH and QX All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Zheng Meinan.

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Meinan, Z., Kazhong, D., Hongdong, F. et al. Retrieving surface secondary subsidence in closed mines with time-series SAR interferometry combining persistent and distributed scatterers. Environ Earth Sci 82, 212 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-023-10916-0

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