Abstract
Glacier movement is one of the most important characteristics in describing mountain glacier activity, which is a sensitive natural indicator of climate change. However, the short-term glacier movement with a single data source could not precisely and sufficiently demonstrate the response of glaciers to climate change. In order to extract the reliable signal corresponding to climate change, the long-term monitoring of glacier movement should be widely exploited. This paper presents the glacier movement distribution of the South Inylchek Glacier by the improving pixel tracking algorithm with both synthetic aperture radar and optical satellite images in 2007–2008 and 2017–2018. The analysis in spatiotemporal characteristics of the glacier velocity indicates that the South Inylchek Glacier remained almost stable in a ten-year interval with the average velocity of 32 cm/d, which are computed with quasi-synchronization multi-source imagery. And the consistency of the velocity results was also verified with both optical and SAR imagery during the same period. Therefore, it would be valuable in expanding the research temporal cycle of glacier movement by uniting multi-source data. And the long-term glacier movement should be exploited for further analysis in mass balance prediction and assessing the climate change effects in the High Mountain Asia.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Berthier E et al (2005) Surface motion of mountain glaciers derived from satellite optical imagery. Remote Sens Environ 95:14–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2004.11.005
Berthier E, Arnaud Y, Kumar R, Ahmad S, Wagnon P, Chevallier P (2007) Remote sensing estimates of glacier mass balances in the Himachal Pradesh (Western Himalaya, India). Remote Sens Environ 108:327–338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2006.11.017
Debella-Gilo M, Kääb A (2011) Sub-pixel precision image matching for measuring surface displacements on mass movements using normalized cross-correlation. Remote Sens Environ 115:130–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2010.08.012
Ernesto RCSM, Eric JB (2006) A global assessment of the SRTM. Photogramm Eng Remote Sensing
Fick SE, Hijmans RJ (2017) WorldClim 2: new 1-km spatial resolution climate surfaces for global land areas. Int J Climatol 37:4302–4315. https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.5086
Hagg W, Mayer C, Lambrecht A, Helm A (2008) Sub-debris melt rates on southern inylchek glacier, central tian shan. Geogr Ann Ser B 90:55–63. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0459.2008.00333.x
Hagg W et al (2018) Future climate change and its impact on runoff generation from the debris-covered inylchek glaciers, central Tian Shan. Kyrgyzstan Water 10:1513. https://doi.org/10.3390/w10111513
Huang L, Li Z (2011) Comparison of SAR and optical data in deriving glacier velocity with feature tracking. Int J Remote Sens 32:2681–2698. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161003720395
Jefriza YIM, Abir IA, Syahreza S, Rusdi M, Razi P, Lateh H (2020) Application of Time-Series Sentinel-1A for Land Deformation in Central Aceh, Indonesia. IOP Conf Series Earth Environ Sci 572:012035. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/572/1/012035
Li J, Li ZW, Wu LX, Xu B, Hu J, Zhou YS, Miao ZL (2018) Deriving a time series of 3D glacier motion to investigate interactions of a large mountain glacial system with its glacial lake: use of synthetic aperture radar pixel offset-small baseline subset technique. J Hydrol 559:596–608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.02.067
Liu T, Niu M, Yang Y (2017) Ice velocity variations of the polar record glacier (East Antarctica) using a rotation-invariant feature-tracking approach. Remote Sensing 10:42. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10010042
Liu Q, Mayer C, Wang X, Nie Y, Wu K, Wei J, Liu S (2020) Interannual flow dynamics driven by frontal retreat of a lake-terminating glacier in the Chinese Central Himalaya. Earth Planet Sci Lett 546:116450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116450
Lv M et al (2020) Examining geodetic glacier mass balance in the eastern Pamir transition zone. J Glaciol 66:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1017/jog.2020.54
Mayer C, Lambrecht A, Hagg W, Helm A, Scharrer K (2008) Post-drainage ice dam response at lake merzbacher, inylchek glacier, kyrgyzstan. Geogr Ann Ser B 90:87–96. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0459.2008.00336.x
Neelmeijer J, Motagh M, Wetzel H-U (2014) Estimating spatial and temporal variability in surface kinematics of the inylchek glacier, Central Asia, using TerraSAR–X Data. Remote Sensing 6:9239–9259. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6109239
Ng AH-M, Ge L, Zhang K, Li X (2012) Estimating horizontal and vertical movements due to underground mining using ALOS PALSAR. Eng Geol 143–144:18–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2012.06.003
Nobakht M, Motagh M, Wetzel H-U, Roessner S, Kaufmann H (2014) the inylchek glacier in kyrgyzstan, central asia: insight on surface kinematics from optical remote sensing imagery. Remote Sensing 6:841–856. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6010841
Osmonov A, Bolch T, Xi C, Kurban A, Guo W (2013) Glacier characteristics and changes in the Sary-Jaz River Basin (Central Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan) – 1990–2010. Remote Sensing Letters 4:725–734. https://doi.org/10.1080/2150704x.2013.789146
Paul F et al (2015) The glaciers climate change initiative: Methods for creating glacier area, elevation change and velocity products. Remote Sens Environ 162:408–426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2013.07.043
Paul F, Strozzi T, Schellenberger T, Kääb A (2017) The 2015 surge of hispar glacier in the karakoram. Remote Sensing 9:888. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9090888
Peng Y, Li Z, Xu C, Zhang H, Han W (2021) Surface velocity analysis of surge region of karayaylak glacier from 2014 to 2020 in the pamir plateau. Remote Sensing 13:774. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13040774
Riveros N, Euillades L, Euillades P, Moreiras S, Balbarani S (2013) Offset tracking procedure applied to high resolution SAR data on Viedma Glacier, Patagonian Andes, Argentina. Adv Geosci 35:7–13. https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-35-7-2013
Shah E, Jayaprasad P, James ME (2019) Image fusion of SAR and optical images for identifying antarctic ice features. J Indian Soc Remote Sens 47:2113–2127. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-019-01040-3
Shangguan DH, Bolch T, Ding YJ, Kröhnert M, Pieczonka T, Wetzel HU, Liu SY (2015) Mass changes of Southern and Northern Inylchek Glacier, Central Tian Shan, Kyrgyzstan, during ∼1975 and 2007 derived from remote sensing data. Cryosphere 9:703–717. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-703-2015
Shean DE, Alexandrov O, Moratto ZM, Smith BE, Joughin IR, Porter C, Morin P (2016) An automated, open-source pipeline for mass production of digital elevation models (DEMs) from very-high-resolution commercial stereo satellite imagery. ISPRS J Photogramm Remote Sens 116:101–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2016.03.012
Shukla A, Garg PK (2020) Spatio-temporal trends in the surface ice velocities of the central Himalayan glaciers. India Global Planetary Change 190:103187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2020.103187
Singh DK, Thakur PK, Naithani BP, Dhote PR (2021) Spatio-temporal analysis of glacier surface velocity in dhauliganga basin using geo-spatial techniques. Environ Earth Sci 80:1–16. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-020-09283-x
Strozzi T, Luckman A, Murray T, Wegmüller U, Werner CL (2002) Glacier motion estimation using SAR offset-tracking procedures. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sensing 40:2384–2391. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2002.805079
Strozzi T, Kouraev A, Wiesmann A, Wegmüller U, Sharov A, Werner C (2008) Estimation of arctic glacier motion with satellite L-band SAR data. Remote Sens Environ 112:636–645. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2007.06.007
Sun Y, Jiang L, Liu L, Sun Y, Wang H (2017) Spatial-temporal characteristics of glacier velocity in the central karakoram revealed with 1999–2003 Landsat-7 ETM+ pan images. Remote Sens 9:1064. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs9101064
Tong X et al (2018) Multi-track extraction of two-dimensional surface velocity by the combined use of differential and multiple-aperture InSAR in the Amery Ice Shelf, East Antarctica. Remote Sens Environ 204:122–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.10.036
Wychen WV, Burgess D, Kochtitzky W, Nikolic N, Copland L, Gray L (2021) RADARSAT-2 derived glacier velocities and dynamic discharge estimates for the canadian high arctic: 2015–2020. Can J Remote Sens 1:1–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/07038992.2020.1859359
Yan S, Guo H, Liu G, Ruan Z (2013) Mountain glacier displacement estimation using a DEM-assisted offset tracking method with ALOS/PALSAR data. Remote Sens Lett 4:494–503. https://doi.org/10.1080/2150704x.2012.754561
Yan S, Ruan Z, Liu G, Deng K, Lv M, Perski Z (2016) Deriving Ice motion patterns in mountainous regions by integrating the intensity-based pixel-tracking and phase-based D-InSAR and MAI approaches: a case study of the chongce glacier. Remote Sens 8:611. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8070611
Yan S, Li Y, Li ZG, Liu G, Ruan ZX, Li Z (2018) An insight into the surface velocity of Inylchek Glacier and its effect on Lake Merzbacher during 2006–2016 with Landsat time-series imagery. Environ Earth Sci 77:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-018-7964-7
Yan S, Zheng Y, Li Y, Lang F, Ruan Z (2019) A spatio-temporal variation analysis of Fedchenko and Grumm-Grzhimaylo glacier motion pattern with an efficient pixel-tracking method on spaceborne SAR imagery. Environ Earth Sci 78:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-019-8610-8
Yang L, Zhao C, Lu Z, Yang C, Zhang Q (2020) Three-dimensional time series movement of the cuolangma glaciers, southern tibet with sentinel-1 imagery. Remote Sens. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12203466
Yastika PE, Shimizu N, Abidin HZ (2019) Monitoring of long-term land subsidence from 2003 to 2017 in coastal area of Semarang, Indonesia by SBAS DInSAR analyses using Envisat-ASAR, ALOS-PALSAR, and Sentinel-1A SAR data. Adv Space Res 63:1719–1736. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2018.11.008
Zhang M, Chen F, Tian B, Liang D, Yang A (2020) Characterization of kyagar glacier and lake outburst floods in 2018 based on time-series sentinel-1A data. Water 12:184. https://doi.org/10.3390/w12010184
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 41876226 and the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant XDA19070202. The European Space Agency (ESA) provided the IW mode SAR imagery free of charge, the ALOS/PALSAR images employed were archived and provided by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), and the Landsat images employed were archived by the United States Geological Survey (USGS), thanks for those agencies.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhang, Q., Zhang, L., Lv, M. et al. The south inylchek glacier activity analysis over a ten-year interval in surface velocity with multi-source spaceborne imagery. Environ Earth Sci 80, 749 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-021-10061-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-021-10061-6