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Multivariate statistical and trend analyses of surface water quality in the central Indian River Lagoon area, Florida

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Abstract

The Indian River Lagoon (IRL) estuary system is of concern to environmental scientists, because its water quality has been deteriorating in the past several decades. To understand spatial variability and temporal changes of surface water quality in the central IRL area, cluster analysis, principle component analysis, and nonparametric trend analysis were conducted for a dataset of 27,648 observations, collected for twelve parameters of surface water quality over the period of 1998–2013 at twelve monitoring stations. The cluster analysis separated the data into four groups, which are closely related to the locations of the monitoring stations. The principal component analysis was applied to each of the four groups to determine the important water quality parameters. In each group, five principal components explain 75–85% of the total data variance, and the components include the following water quality parameters: nutrient species (nitrogen and phosphorus), physicochemical parameters (salinity, specific conductivity, pH, and DO), and erosion factors (total suspended solids and turbidity). Statistically significant trends in these water quality parameters were detected by applying the Mann–Kendall trend test, and abrupt trend shifts were detected by applying the sequential Mann–Kendall trend test. The trends and trend shifts are attributed to land use changes, projects of lagoon restoration, and the 2006 drought conditions in the study area. The results of this study can be of direct use to management projects for improving surface water quality at the central IRL area.

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  • 28 February 2018

    Unfortunately, the online version of the original article has an error in authors’ names.

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Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Florida Department Environmental Protection through contract WQ005. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. We thank Lemonteh M. Horne for compiling the water quality data and Xueqing Gao for insightful discussion.

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Author notes

  1. Mohammad Sayemuzzaman

    Present address: Draper Aden Associates, Richmond, VA, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Scientific Computing, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA

    Mohammad Sayemuzzaman

  2. School of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin, 300387, China

    Ming Ye

  3. Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA

    Ming Ye

  4. Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environmental Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China

    Fan Zhang

  5. Center of Hydraulic Engineering Regulation and Management, Jinzhou Waterwork Office, Jinzhou, 121013, Liaoning, China

    Mingming Zhu

Authors
  1. Mohammad Sayemuzzaman
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  2. Ming Ye
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  3. Fan Zhang
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  4. Mingming Zhu
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ming Ye.

Additional information

A correction to this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-018-7380-z.

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Sayemuzzaman, M., Ye, M., Zhang, F. et al. Multivariate statistical and trend analyses of surface water quality in the central Indian River Lagoon area, Florida. Environ Earth Sci 77, 127 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-018-7266-0

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