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Numerical simulation on excavation-induced damage of rock under quasi-static unloading and dynamic disturbance

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Abstract

During the excavation of underground opening, the rock may experience a complex loading path that includes the highly confined compression before excavation, unloading of confining stress and further disturbance of dynamic loading after excavation. By using Rock Failure Process Analysis for Dynamics (RFPA-Dynamics), the failure of rock sequentially subjected to this complex loading path is numerically simulated, in order to examine the rock failure mechanism induced by excavation. The RFPA-Dynamics is firstly used to reproduce the failure of rock under confined compression, followed by unloading of confining pressure, and it is validated against with the existing experimental observation. Then, the failure characteristics of rock specimen sequentially subjected to the quasi-static triaxial loading, unloading of confining pressure and dynamic disturbance are numerically simulated, where the effect of magnitude of axial loading and confining pressure, and duration and amplitude of the dynamic disturbance on the final failure patterns of rock are examined. The numerical results indicate that the arc-shaped spalling damage zone is prone to develop with the increase in the axial pressure and lateral pressure coefficient. As for the effect of dynamic disturbance, the contribution of duration and amplitude of dynamic disturbance on the energy input are similar, where the area of damage zone increases with the energy input into the rock specimen. In this regard, the area of the damage zone is influenced by both the magnitude of in situ stress and waveform of dynamic disturbance. This study denotes that it is of great significance to trace the complex loading path induced by excavation in order to capture the rock failure mechanism induced by underground excavation.

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Acknowledgements

This work is funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2016YFC0801607), National Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51525402, 51374049, 51474051 and 51534003), the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education (No. 113019A) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (Grant Nos. N160104008, N160103005). These supports are gratefully acknowledged.

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  1. Center for Rock Instability and Seismicity Research, School of Resource and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China

    Leilei Niu, Wancheng Zhu, Zhen Cheng, Kai Guan & Tao Qin

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  1. Leilei Niu
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  2. Wancheng Zhu
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  3. Zhen Cheng
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  4. Kai Guan
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  5. Tao Qin
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Correspondence to Wancheng Zhu.

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Niu, L., Zhu, W., Cheng, Z. et al. Numerical simulation on excavation-induced damage of rock under quasi-static unloading and dynamic disturbance. Environ Earth Sci 76, 614 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-017-6955-4

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