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Frequency of HLA celiac disease risk alleles and haplotypes in healthy adults in Tamil Nadu

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Abstract

Celiac disease (CeD) occurs only in individuals who are able to express human leukocyte antigens (HLA) DQ2 or DQ8, and these are expressed in nearly a third of healthy people in the West. As the disease is very uncommon in Tamil Nadu, we evaluated the possibility that the relevant genes are infrequent in this population. Four hundred healthy adults without any gastrointestinal abnormalities were recruited from Vellore district of Tamil Nadu. Genomic DNA was extracted from venous blood and amplified by PCR using the allele-specific primers for the following alleles—DQA1*0201, 0301, and 0501 and DQB1*02, 0201, and 0302, which determine the CeD risk haplotypes. Among the 400 healthy adults, the presence of DQ2.5 (DQB1*0201-DQA1*0501) and DQ2.2 (DQB1*02-DQA1*0201) haplotypes was found in 8.25% and 14.25%, respectively. DQ8 (DQB1*0302-DQA1*0301) haplotype was identified in only 3% of healthy individuals. Overall, approximately a quarter of healthy adults in Tamil Nadu had the potential CeD risk haplotypes of HLA DQ2.5, DQ2.2, and DQ8.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Pugazhendhi Srinivasan for critical comments and assistance with the PCR analyses.

Funding

The study was funded by a grant from the Department of Biotechnology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Gastroenterology, SRM Institutes for Medical Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Vadapalani, Chennai, 600 026, India

    Venugopal Giriprasad, John Mechenro & Balakrishnan S. Ramakrishna

  2. Department of Medical Research, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, India

    Venugopal Giriprasad, John Mechenro & Balakrishnan S. Ramakrishna

  3. All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Sijua, Patrapada, Bhubaneswar, 751 019, India

    Ramadass Balamurugan

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  1. Venugopal Giriprasad
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  2. John Mechenro
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  3. Ramadass Balamurugan
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  4. Balakrishnan S. Ramakrishna
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Balakrishnan S. Ramakrishna.

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VG, JM, RB, and BSR declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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The authors declare that the study was performed in a manner conforming to the Helsinki declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000 and 2008 concerning human and animal rights, and the authors followed the policy concerning informed consent as shown on Springer.com.

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Giriprasad, V., Mechenro, J., Balamurugan, R. et al. Frequency of HLA celiac disease risk alleles and haplotypes in healthy adults in Tamil Nadu. Indian J Gastroenterol 38, 178–182 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12664-019-00947-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12664-019-00947-6

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