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Co-delivery of 5-Fluorouracil and Curcumin Nanohybrid Formulations for Improved Chemotherapy Against Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

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Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

The chemotherapeutics agent, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and curcumin (Cur), a natural antioxidant, has a wide pharmacological window to treat oral carcinoma; however, both drugs have limited bioavailability. This research study designs to develop a nanoemulsions (NEs) formulation by combining 5-FU and Cur to improve anticancer activity against oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells from the diversified origin for in vitro analysis, SCC090 (human tongue) and SCC152 (human hypo-pharynx).

Methodology

NEs formulated through homogenization, applying high-energy ultrasonication technique. The prepared 5-FUNE/Cur-NE/5-FU-Cur-NE were characterized and optimized by different in vitro assays to evaluate release system and treatment of OSCC cells to monitor cellular acceptability, such as in vitro anticancer activity by MTT assay, cell uptake studies and protein expression associated apoptotic study.

Results

5-FUNE/Cur-NE/5-FU-Cur-NE successfully formulated and show mean-value of the particle size (150–200 nm), surface charge (− 25.70 to − 37.91 mV), and PDI (0.194). In vitro release of 5-FUNE/Cur-NE/5-FU-Cur-NEs was monitored over a course of 04 days, where acidic pH shows higher release as compared to alkaline pH, along with acceptable stability data. Cytotoxicity study has shown higher-dose-dependent anticancer effect with a reduced IC50 value of NEs as compared to BLNE. Cellular uptake study of 5-FUNE/Cur-NE/5-FU-Cur-NEs upgraded many folds, comparatively BLNE and show potential cell arrest. Additionally, the cell protein (Blc2, Bax, P53, and P21) expression was revised and raised cell apoptosis.

Conclusion

The combinational loaded, 5-FU and Cur in nanoformulation system have proven their potency to deliver improved anticancer activity, against oral cancer.

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Funding

The author, Saurabh Srivastava, is very grateful to Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi, India (Project id-45/21/2013-NAN-BMS), for providing the fellowship grant to conduct his Ph.D. work.

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Author notes

  1. Saurabh Srivastava and Shadab Mohammad are equally contributed for the manuscript.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India

    Saurabh Srivastava, Shadab Mohammad & Sana Farooqui

  2. In Vitro Toxicology Laboratory, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, UP, India

    Aditya Bhushan Pant

  3. Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India

    Prabhat Ranjan Mishra & Gitu Pandey

  4. Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, UP, India

    Shalini Gupta

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  1. Saurabh Srivastava
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Correspondence to Shadab Mohammad.

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Srivastava, S., Mohammad, S., Pant, A.B. et al. Co-delivery of 5-Fluorouracil and Curcumin Nanohybrid Formulations for Improved Chemotherapy Against Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg. 17, 597–610 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-018-1126-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-018-1126-z

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