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Immunohistochemistry of Five Molecular Markers for Typing and Management of Ameloblastomas: A Retrospective Analysis of 40 Cases

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Abstract

Purpose

The aims of this study are to elucidate if molecular markers can be used to differentiate between the two main types of ameloblastoma (unicystic and solid/multicystic), and to determine whether a biologically ‘less-aggressive’ subtype exists.

Methods

A retrospective analysis of 33 solid/multicystic ameloblastomas and six unicystic ameloblastomas was completed using immunohistochemistry for five molecular markers: P16, P53, MMP-9, Survivin, and Ki-67. Tumors were graded as either negative or positive (mild, moderate, strong), and the results were related to both ameloblastoma subtypes and outcomes following treatment.

Results

Unicystic ameloblastomas were more likely to test strongly positive for P53 than solid/multicystic ameloblastomas (p < 0.05), whereas the latter were more likely to be negative for Survivin (p < 0.05). Solid/multicystic and Type 3 unicystic ameloblastomas that were positive for P16, but also negative for MMP-9 and Survivin, were less likely to recur than all other tumors (p < 0.05). The proliferation index of an ameloblastic carcinoma (11 %) was shown to be higher than benign ameloblastomas (4.5 %).

Conclusions

Immunohistochemistry can be valuable in lesions where histological sub-typing of an ameloblastoma is unclear. A biologically ‘less-aggressive’ subtype may exist, and hence further research into this area is required.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the staff at the Anatomical and Pathology Laboratory at The Royal Melbourne Hospital. Special thanks to Associate Professor Nastri and Associate Professor Wiesenfeld for their assistance in this study. A research grant was kindly provided by the Australia and New Zealand Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (ANZAOMS) Research and Education Foundation Inc. and Trust.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Office C/- 2 North, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, 3050, Australia

    Thasvir Singh

  2. Melbourne Dental School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia

    Thasvir Singh, Arun Chandu & John Clement

  3. Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, St Andrews Place, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia

    Christopher Angel

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  1. Thasvir Singh
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Correspondence to Thasvir Singh.

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Singh, T., Chandu, A., Clement, J. et al. Immunohistochemistry of Five Molecular Markers for Typing and Management of Ameloblastomas: A Retrospective Analysis of 40 Cases. J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg. 16, 65–70 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-016-0923-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-016-0923-5

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