Skip to main content
Log in

Temporal features and relations discovery of activities from sensor data

  • Original Research
  • Published:
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

One of the most important problems that arises during the knowledge discovery from data and data mining process in many new emerging technologies is mining data with temporal dependencies. One such application is activity recognition and prediction. Activity recognition is used in many real world settings, such as assisted living systems. Although activity recognition has been vastly studied by many researchers, the temporal features that constitute an activity, which can provide useful insights for activity models, have not been exploited to their full potentials by mining algorithms. In this paper, we utilize temporal features for activity recognition and prediction in assisted living settings. We discover temporal relations such as the order of activities, as well as their corresponding start time and duration features. Analysis of real data collected from smart homes was used to validate the proposed method.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. Results provided in the validation section correspond to the Apt1 dataset, available online at http://eecs.wsu.edu/~nazerfard/AIR/datasets/data1.zip.

  2. Dataset corresponding to Apt2 is also available at http://eecs.wsu.edu/~nazerfard/AIR/datasets/data2.zip.

References

  • Abowd G, Mynatt E (2004) Designing for the human experience in smart environments. In: Cook DJ, Das SK (eds) Smart environments: technology, protocols, and applications. Wiley, Chichester, pp 153–174

    Google Scholar 

  • Agrawal R, Srikant R (1994) Fast algorithms for mining association rules in large databases. In: Proceedings of the international conference on very large data bases (VLDB), pp 487–499

  • Agrawal R, Imielinski T, Swami A (1993) Mining associations between sets of items in large databases. In: ACM SIGMOD international conference on management of data, pp 207–216

  • Anastasiu D, Iverson J, Smith S, Karypis G (2014) Big data frequent pattern mining. In: Frequent patten mining, pp 225–259

  • Boger J, Poupart P, Hoey J, Boutilier C, Fernie G, Mihailidis A (2005) A decision-theoretic approach to task assistance for persons with dementia. In: Proceedings of the international joint conference on artificial intelligence, pp 1293–1299

  • BrainAid (2013) PEAT: android application for people with cognitive challenges. http://brainaid.com. Accessed 25 Sept 2013

  • Brdiczka O, Maisonnasse J, Reignier P (2005) Automatic detection of interaction groups. In: Proceedings of the international conference on multimodal interfaces, pp 32–36

  • Catarinucci L, Donno D, Mainetti L, Palano L, Patrono L, Stefanizzi M, Tarricone L (2015) An IoT-aware architecture for smart healthcare systems. IEEE Internet Things 2(6):515–526

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen M, Ma Y, Li Y, Wu D, Zhang Y, Youn C-H (2017) Wearable 2.0: enabling human-cloud integration in next generation healthcare systems. IEEE Commun Mag 55(1):54–61

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cook D, Youngblood M, Heierman E III, Gopalratnam K, Rao S, Litvin A, Khawaja F (2003) MavHome: an agent-based smart home. In: IEEE international conference on pervasive computing and communications, pp 521–524

  • Cook D, Crandall A, Thomas B, Krishnan N (2013) CASAS: a smart home in a box. IEEE Comput 46(6):26–33

    Google Scholar 

  • Crandall A (2011) Behaviometrics for multiple residents in a smart environment, Ph.D. Dissertation. Washington State University

  • Dean J, Ghemawat S (2008) Simplified data processing on large clusters. Commun ACM 51(1):107–113

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Doctor F, Hagras H, Callaghan V (2005) A fuzzy embedded agent-based approach for realizing ambient intelligence in intelligent inhabited environments. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern Part A 35(1):55–65

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dufkova K, Kencl L, Bjelica M (2009) Predicting user-cell association in cellular networks from tracked data. In: AAAI spring symposium on intelligent environments

  • Gopalratnam K, Cook D (2004) Active lezi: an incremental parsing algorithm for sequential prediction. Int J Artif Intell Tools 14(1–2):917–930

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gopalratnam K, Cook D (2007) Online sequential prediction via incremental parsing: the active lezi algorithm. IEEE Intell Syst 22(1):52–58

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gu T, Wang L, Wu Z, Tao X (2011) A pattern mining approach to sensor-based human activity recognition. IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng 23(9):1359–1372

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hall M, Frank E, Holmes G, Pfahringer B, Reutemann P, Witten I (2009) The weka data mining software: an update. SIGKDD Explor Newsl 11(1):10–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hamm J, Stone B, Belkin M, Dennis S (2013) Automatic annotation of daily activity from smartphone-based multisensory streams. In: Uhler D, Mehta K, Wong J (eds) Mobile computing, applications, and services, pp 328–342

  • Han J, Pei J, Yin Y (2000) Mining frequent patterns without candidate generation. In: International conference on management of data (SIGMOD), pp 1–12

  • Helal S, Mann W, El-Zabadani H, King J, Kaddoura Y, Jansen E (2005) The Gator tech smart house: a programmable pervasive space. IEEE Comput Soc 38(3):50–60

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heung-II S, Bong-Kee S, Seong-Whan L (2010) Hand gesture recognition based on dynamic bayesian network framework. Pattern Recogniti 43:3059–3072

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hossain M, Muhammad G (2016) Cloud-assisted industrial internet of things (IIoT) enabled framework for health monitoring. Comput Netw 101:192–202

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huynh B, Vo B, Snasel V (2017) An efficient method for mining frequent sequential patterns using multi-core processors. J Appl Intell 46(3):703–716

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Intille S, Larson K, Tapia E, Beaudin J, Kaushik P, Nawyn J, Rockinson R (2006) Using a live-in laboratory for ubiquitous computing research. In: Proceedings of PERVASIVE, pp 349–365

  • Kasteren T, Krose B (2007) Bayesian activity recognition in residence for elders. In: International conference on intelligent environments, pp 209–212

  • Kaushik P, Intille S, Larson K (2008) User-adaptive reminders for home-based medical tasks. A case study. Methods Inf Med 47(2):203–207

    Google Scholar 

  • Krishnan N, Cook D (2014) Activity recognition on streaming sensor data. Pervasive Mob Comput 10:138–154

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li S, Hoefler T, Hu C, Snir M (2014) Improvedmpi collectives for MPI processes in shared address spaces. Clust Comput 14(4):1139–1155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li Y, Ning P, Wang X, Jajodia S (2001) Discovering calendar-based temporal association rules. Data Knowl Eng 44(2):193–218

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lim M, Choi J, Kim D, Park S (2008) A smart medication prompting system and context reasoning in home environments. In: Proceedings of the fourth IEEE international conference on networked computing and advance information management, pp 115–118

  • Lotfi A, Langensiepen C, Mahmoud S, Akhlaghinia M (2012) Smart homes for the elderly dementia sufferers: identifcation and prediction of abnormal behaviour. J Ambient Intell Hum Comput JAIHC 3(3):205–218

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mahmoud S, Lotfi A, Langensiepen C (2013) Behavioural pattern identification and prediction in intelligent environments. J Appl Soft Comput 13(4):1813–1822

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maurer U, Smailagic A, Siewiorek D, Deisher M (2006) Activity recognition and monitoring using multiple sensors on different body positions. In: Proceedings of the international workshop on wearable and implantable body sensor networks, pp 113–116

  • Medjahed H, Istrate D, Boudy J, Dorizzi B (2009) Human activities of daily living recognition using fuzzy logic for elderly home monitoring. In: IEEE international conference on fuzzy systems, pp 2001–2006

  • Minor B, Cook D (2017) Forecasting occurrences of activities. Pervasive Mob Comput 38(1):77–91

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miorandi D, Sicari S, Pellegrini FD, Chlamtac I (2012) Internet of things: vision, applications and research challenges. Ad Hoc Netw 10(7):1497–1516

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mocanu I, Florea A (2012) A multi-agent supervising system for smart environments. In: Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on web intelligence, mining and semantics, WIMS, pp 1–55

  • Mocanu S, Mocanu I, Anton S, Munteanu C (2011) Amihomecare: a complex ambient intelligent system for home medical assistance. In: Proceedings of the international conference on applied computer and applied computational science, pp 181–186

  • Moens S, Aksehirli E, Goethals B (2013) Frequent itemset mining for big data. In: IEEE international conference on big data, pp 111–118

  • Nazerfard E, Cook D (2015) CRAFFT: an activity prediction model based on Bayesian networks. J Ambient Intell Hum Comput AIHC 6(2):193–205

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nazerfard E, Rashidi P, Cook D (2010) Discovering temporal features and relations of activity patterns. In: Proceedings of the ICDM workshop on data mining for service (DMS), pp 1069–1075

  • O’Donovan T, O’Donoghue J, Sreenan C, Sammon D, O’Reilly P, O’Connor K (2009) A context aware wireless body area network (BAN). In: International conference on pervasive computing technologies for healthcare, pp 1–8

  • Pineau J, Montemerlo M, Pollack M, Roy N, Thrun S (2003) Towards robotic assistants in nursing homes: challenges and results. Robot Auton Syst 42(3–4):271–281

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pollack M, Brown L, Colbry D, McCarthy C, Orosz C, Peintner B, Ramakrishnan S, Tsamardinos I (2003) Autominder: an intelligent cognitive orthotic system for people with memory impairment. Robot Auton Syst 44(3–4):273–282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rudary M, Singh S, Pollack M (2004) Adaptive cognitive orthotics: combining reinforcement learning and constraint-based temporal reasoning. In: Proceeding of international conference on machine learning, pp 91–98

  • Singla G, Cook D, Schmitter-Edgecombe M (2009) Tracking activities in complex settings using smart environment technologies. Int J BioSci Psychiatry Technol 1(1):25–35

    Google Scholar 

  • Tapia D, Abraham A, Corchado J, Alonso R (2010) Agents and ambient intelligence: case studies. J Ambient Intell Hum Comput 1(2):85–93

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tsai C-W, Lai C-F, Chiang M-C, Yang L (2014) Data mining for internet of things: a survey. IEEE Commun Ser Tutor 16(1):77–97

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vail D, Veloso M, Lafferty J (2007) Conditional random fields for activity recognition. In: Proceedings of the international joint conference on autonomous agents and multiagent systems, pp 1–8

  • Weber J, Pollack M (2007) Entropy-driven online active learning for interactive calendar management. In: Proceedings of the international conference on intelligent user interfaces, pp 141–149

  • Yin J, Yang Q, Pan J (2008) Sensor-based abnormal humanactivity detection. IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng 20(8):1082–1090

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zaharia M, Chowdhury M, Franklin M, Shenker S, Stoica I (2010) Spark: cluster computing with working sets. In: Proceedings of the USENIX conference on hot topics in cloud computing, pp 10–10

  • Zhang F, Liu M, Gui F, Shen W, Shami A, Ma Y (2015) Scalable algorithms for association mining. J Clust Comput 18(4):1493–1501

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The author would like to thank D. J. Cook and P. Rashidi for their thorough comments and suggestions on this work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ehsan Nazerfard.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Nazerfard, E. Temporal features and relations discovery of activities from sensor data. J Ambient Intell Human Comput 15, 1911–1926 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-018-0855-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12652-018-0855-7

Keywords

Navigation