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Development of Novel Non-woven Triumfetta cordifolia Bast Fibers and Polylactide Fibers Biocomposites

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Abstract

This study focuses on the development of needle-punched nonwoven composites reinforced with a Triumfetta cordifolia (TC) bast fiber based on a polylactide (PLA) matrix. Flax and hemp fibers, already known for their use in automotive applications, are used as a reference for comparison purposes. TC bast fibers from the equatorial region of Cameroon were extracted by a water retting process. Nonwoven felts were obtained by mixing TC fibers with PLA (50:50 weight ratio) through carding-napping process. The composite materials were obtained by thermocompression of the nonwoven felts with two thickness ranges (2 and 3 mm). The results obtained in tensile and flexural tests showed that composite materials with an optimal thickness of 2 mm displayed better mechanical performances. The anisotropy of the mechanical properties in traction and flexion of these composites was highlighted. It was found that the tensile and flexural mechanical properties in the transverse direction are always superior to those in the machine direction. Compared to flax or hemp nonwoven-reinforced biocomposites, TC fibers-based nonwoven biocomposites showed slightly lower maximum tensile and flexural stiffness values of 2882.7 MPa and 3908.6 MPa respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the addition of the plant fibers increased the thermal stability of PLA and the ash content to 8%.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Dr. Floran Pierre of EcoTechnilin SAS, F-76190, Valliquerville, France for his contribution to the fabrication of the nonwoven composite by thermocompression.

Funding

The authors have not disclosed any funding.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, ENSET, University of Douala, BP 1872, Douala, Cameroon

    Armel Mewoli, Fabien Betene Ebanda & Atangana Ateba

  2. Laboratory of Mechanics, University of Douala, BP 2701, Douala, Cameroon

    Armel Mewoli, Fabien Betene Ebanda & Atangana Ateba

  3. CETELOR, University of Lorraine, 7 rue Philippe Seguin, BP 88026, Epinal Cedex9, France

    César Segovia

  4. LERMAB-ENSTIB, University of Lorraine, 27 rue Philippe Seguin, BP 1041, 88051, Epinal, France

    Pierre Girods

  5. Faculty of Sciences and Technology, LERMAB, UR 4370, USC 1445 INRAe, University of Lorraine, Bld des Aiguillettes, 54500, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France

    Brosse Nicolas

  6. Groupe de Recherche des Matériaux Innovants (GRMI), ENSET, Université of Douala, Douala, Cameroon

    Armel Mewoli, Fabien Betene Ebanda & Atangana Ateba

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  1. Armel Mewoli
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  2. César Segovia
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  4. Atangana Ateba
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Contributions

AM: Conceptualization, collection raw material (Triumfetta cordifolia fibers), Methodology investigation, Formal analysis, Bibliographic research and writing. CS: Conceptualization, Project administration, Procurement of raw material, Supervision, Review and editing. FBE: Conceptualization, Project administration, Supervision, Reading of the manuscript and validation; AA: Conceptualization, Project administration, Supervision and validation. PG: Thermal testing methodology and formal analysis; NB: Conceptualization, Project administration, Supervision, Reading of final manuscript and validation.

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Correspondence to Armel Mewoli.

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Mewoli, A., Segovia, C., Ebanda, F.B. et al. Development of Novel Non-woven Triumfetta cordifolia Bast Fibers and Polylactide Fibers Biocomposites. Waste Biomass Valor 15, 3109–3121 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-023-02371-6

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