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Applicability of Fly Ash from Fluidized Bed Combustion of Peat, Wood, or Wastes to Concrete

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Abstract

The chemical and physical characteristics of five different fly ashes originating from fluidized bed combustion of peat, wood, or different wastes were investigated to determine whether they fulfilled the requirements for concrete set by the European EN 450-1 standard. Fly ash originating mostly from peat combustion fulfilled all the requirements of the EN 450-1 standard, without any treatments. Some chemical and physical characteristics (i.e., free calcium oxide, sulfate, chloride, and fineness) of the other types of fly ash exceeded the limits in standard, and the sum of the main components (SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3) failed to comply with the standard. However, it should be noted that the requirements of the European standard are more restrictive than similar standards in the US; all applications are not needing standardized concrete, and the potential utility of the studied fly ash materials could be improved by mechanical treatments.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation and the following Finnish companies: Boliden Harjavalta Oy, Ekokem Palvelu Oy, Fortum Power and Heat Oy, Helen Oy, Jyväskylän Energia Oy, Kemira Chemicals Oy, Metsä Board Oyj, Napapiirin Energia ja Vesi Oy, Nordkalk Oy Ab, Paroc Group Oy, SSAB Europe Oy, Stora Enso Oyj, UPM-Kymmene Oyj, and Valmet Technologies Oy. We would like to thank Dr. Mika Körkkö for experimental design and interpretation of the results and Mr. Jarno Karvonen, Mr. Jani Österlund, and MSc. Jouni Rissanen for their contributions to the laboratory work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fibre and Particle Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Oulu, PO Box 4300, Oulu, 90014, Finland

    Katja Ohenoja & Mirja Illikainen

  2. Renotech Oy, Sampsankatu 4B, PO Box 20520, Turku, Finland

    Valter Wigren

  3. Fortum Waste Solutions Oy, Kuulojankatu 1, PO Box 181, 11101, Riihimäki, Finland

    Jan Österbacka

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  1. Katja Ohenoja
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Ohenoja, K., Wigren, V., Österbacka, J. et al. Applicability of Fly Ash from Fluidized Bed Combustion of Peat, Wood, or Wastes to Concrete. Waste Biomass Valor 10, 3525–3534 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-018-0319-5

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