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Isolation of potent antileishmanial agents from Artemisia kermanensis Podlech using bioguided fractionation

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Abstract

Leishmaniasis is a major health problem worldwide with different clinical forms that depend on the parasite, the host's immune system, and immune-inflammatory responses. This study aimed to evaluate the secondary metabolites from Artemisia kermanensis Podlech by bioguided fractionation against Leishmania major. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were determined based on analysis of mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. Antileishmanial activity were determined on promastigotes and amastigotes. Chemical structures of the isolated compound were as 1-Acetoxy-3,7-dimethyl-7-hydroxy-octa-2E,5E-dien-4-one for compound 1 and 5,7-dihydroxy-3′,4′,6-trimethoxyflavone (Eupatilin) for compound 2, and 5,7,3′-Trihydroxy-6,4′,5′-trimethoxyflavone for compound 3. Compound 2 were confirmed by significant activity with IC50 of less than 50 μg/ml for 24 and 48 h in clinical form (amastigotes). Compound 3 demonstrated high susceptibility with an IC50 of less than 30 μg/ml for promastigotes for 24 h. The bioguided fractionation of A. kermanensis resulted the isolation of potent antileishmanial agents with a low toxicity effect on macrophages. These plant metabolites can be a candidate as a drug for treating cutaneous leishmaniasis.

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Abbreviations

WHO:

World Health Organization

MPLC:

Medium-Performance Liquid Chromatography

HPLC:

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

NMR:

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

MS:

Mass spectrometry

MTT:

3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide

DMSO:

Dimethyl sulfoxide

NNN:

Novy-Nicolle-Mac Neal

PBS:

Phosphate-buffered saline

FBS:

Fetal bovine serum

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran (Grant No. 3991071)

Funding

This research was funded by Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, project number 3991071.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Simindokht Soleimanifard

  2. Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jarib Ave., Isfahan, Iran

    Shaghayegh Saeedi & Zeinab Yazdiniapour

Authors
  1. Simindokht Soleimanifard
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  2. Shaghayegh Saeedi
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  3. Zeinab Yazdiniapour
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Contributions

SS performed the experimental and wrote the manuscript draft; SS revised the manuscript, conducted the parasitological tests and analysed the data; ZY revised the manuscript and conducted the plant extraction, fractionation, purification and identification of compounds.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Zeinab Yazdiniapour.

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Conflict of interest

There is no conflict of interest among the authors.

Ethics approval

This study was approved by the ethics committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IR.MUI.RESEARCH.REC.1399.797).

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Soleimanifard, S., Saeedi, S. & Yazdiniapour, Z. Isolation of potent antileishmanial agents from Artemisia kermanensis Podlech using bioguided fractionation. J Parasit Dis 47, 297–305 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-023-01569-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-023-01569-8

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