Abstract
A 10 months old male cross-bred calf was presented in OPD Medicine, Referral Veterinary Polyclinic, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar with the history of anorexia, impaired vision, heavy tick infestation and diarrhoea for the last 1 week. The clinical examination revealed enlarged pre-scapular lymph nodes, prominent cloudiness in eyes and exophthalmos. The presence of Koch blue bodies in biopsied lymph nodes and a PCR assay confirmed it to be bovine tropical theileriosis associated with unique corneal opacity. Treatment with buparvaquone at a dose of 2.5 mg/kg i.m. two doses 48 h apart was successful and typical ocular manifestations completely subsided after 2 weeks of therapy.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aulakh GS, Singla LD (2006) Clinico-haematobiochemical observations on bovines naturally infected with Theileria annulata. J Vet Parasitol 20:49–52
D’oliveira C, Weide MVD, Miguel A, Jacquiet HP, Jongejan F (1995) Detection of Theileria annulata in blood samples of carrier cattle by PCR. J Clin Microbiol 33:2665–2669
Devi CS, Rani NL, Rayulu VC (2011) Concurrent infection of theileriosis and ehrlichiosis in a buffalo. J Vet Parasitol 25:84–85
Dewangan P, Panigrahi M, Kumar A, Saravanan BC, Ghosh S, Asaf VM, Bhushan B (2015) The mRNA expression of immune-related genes in crossbred and Tharparkar cattle in response to in vitro infection with Theileria annulata. Mol Biol Rep 42:1247–1255
Dhar S, Malhotra DV, Bhushan C, Gautam OP (1986) Chemotherapy of Theileria annulata infection with buparvaquone. Vet Rec 119:635–636
Glass EJ, Craigmile SC, Springbett A, Preston PM, Kirvar E, Wilkie GM, Eckersall PD, Hall FR, Brown CGD (2003) The protozoan parasite Theileria annulata induces a distinct acute phase protein response in the cattle that is associated with pathology. Int J Parasitol 33:1409–1418
Hudson AT, Randall AW, Fry M, Ginger CD, Hill B, Latter VS, McHardy N, Williams RB (1985) Novel anti-malarial hydroxynaphthoquinones with potent broad-spectrum anti-protozoal activity. Parasitology 90:45–55
Irvin AD, Mwamachi DM (1983) Clinical and diagnostic features of East Coast fever (Theileria parva) infection of cattle. Vet Rec 113:192–198
Jabbar SA, Elizabeth JG, Diaeldin AS, Ulrike S (2008) Innate immunity to tropical theileriosis. http://ini.sagepub.com
Khan IA, Khan A, Hussain A, Riaz A, Aziz A (2011) Hemato-biochemical alterations in cross bred cattle affected with bovine theileriosis in semi arid zone. Pak Vet J 31:137–140
McColm AA, McHardy N (1984) Evaluation of a range of antimicrobial agents against the parasitic protozoa, Plasmodium falciparum, Babesia rodhaini and Theileria parva in vitro. Trop Med Parasitol 78:345
McHardy N, Morgan DW (1985) Treatment of Theileria annulata infection in calves with parvaquone. Res Vet Sci 39:1–4
Muhammad G (1999) Clinico-epidemiological and therapeutic aspects of bovine theileriosis. Bull Calf Appear Female 36:32
Muraleedharan K, Ziauddin KS, Hussain PM, Puttabyattappa R, Seshadri SJ (2005) Haematological observations on Theileria annulata infection in cattle and buffaloes. J Vet Parasitol 19:71–72
Parthiban M, Saranya R, Magesh M, Raman M (2010) Detection of Theileria parasite in cattle of Tamilnadu using nested PCR. Tamilnadu J Vet Anim Sci 6:162–165
Qayyum M, Farooq U, Samad HA, Chauhdry HR (2010) Prevalence, clinicotherapeutic and prophylactic studies on theileriosis in district Sahiwal (Pakistan). J Anim Plant Sci 20:266
Sharma S, Gosal NS, Kumar V, Gajebasia AS (2010) Synergistic efficacy of antitheilerial and haematinic agents in treatment of tropical theileriosis in crossbred cattle. Intas Polivet 11:23–25
Singh A, Singh J, Grewal AS, Brar RS (2001) Study on some blood parameters of crossbred calves with experimental Theileria annulata infections. Vet Res Commun 25:289–300
Singh SK, Sudan V, Sachan P, Srivastava A (2015) Salvage of Theileria infected calves with clinical manifestation of exophthalmia. J Parasit Dis 39:448–451
Soulsby EJL (1982) Helminths, arthropod and protozoa of domesticated animals, 7th edn. Baillere Tindall, London
Taylor MA, Coop RL, Wall RL (2007) Veterinary parasitology, 3rd edn. Blackwell, Oxford
Tuli A, Singla LD, Sharma A, Bal MS, Filia G, Kaur P (2015) Molecular epidemiology, risk factors and hematochemical alterations induced by Theileria annulata in bovines of Punjab (India). Acta Parasitol 60:378–390
Acknowledgments
The authors are thankful to Director, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute for providing necessary research facilities to carry out this work. The authors also express sincere thanks to Dr. S. Gupta, Division of Parasitology and Dr. A. Kumar, Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute for the help extended during parasitological and molecular detection of T. annulata, respectively.
Authors’ contributions
The study reports one of the rare clinical cases being mutually diagnosed and treated by Vivek Joshi and S. Alam. U. Dimri provided the guidelines during the work. A. G. Bhanuprakash, A. Gopalakrishnan, and Y. Ajith helped in correction of manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflicts of interest
None of the authors has a financial or personal relationship with other people or organizations that could inappropriately influence or bias the content of the paper.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Joshi, V., Alam, S., Dimri, U. et al. A rare case of Theileria annulata induced corneal opacity in a calf. J Parasit Dis 41, 442–445 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-016-0824-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-016-0824-z