Abstract
The main aim of present study was to determine the sero-prevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) among stray and owner shepherd dogs in Hamedan province, West of Iran. A cross-sectional study was performed in 2013 using enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA). Blood samples (n = 380) were collected randomly from 170 stray and 210 owner shepherd dogs in different regions of Hamedan province. All of animals were asymptomatic. Antibodies to Leishmania infantum were found 3.95 % (0.95 CI: 2–5.9 %). The sero-prevalence rate of infection in stray dogs (6.47 %) was reported higher than owner shepherd dogs (1.9 %) (P = 0.023). There was significant differences among age groups (P = 0.003); unlike to different gender (P = 0.11). This is the first report of CVL in western Iran. Further comprehensive studies in infection rate and predominant Leishmania species in humans, sand flies and animals hosts (wild canines and rodents) is recommended in this region.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ashford DA, David JR, Freire M, David R, Sherlock I, Conceic M, Sampaio DP, Badaro R (1998) Studies on control of visceral leishmaniasis: impact of dog control on canine and human visceral leishmaniasis in Jacobina, Bahia, Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59(1):53–57
Atasoy A, Pasa S, Ozensoy-Toz S, Ertabaklar H (2010) Seroprevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis around the Aegean Cost of Turkey. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 16(1):1–6
Avizeh R, Mohebali M, Sheikholslami M (2007) Seroepidemiological investigation of visceral leishmaniasis in dogs of Ahvaz district Iran. Arch Razi Inst 62(1):31–37
Barati M, Mohebali M, Alimohammadian MH, Khamesipour A, Akhoundi B, Zarei Z (2013) Canine visceral leishmaniasis: seroprevalence survey of asymptomatic dogs in an endemic area of northwestern Iran. J Parasit Dis. doi:10.1007/s1263901303252
Deplazes P, Grimm F, Papaprodromou M, Cavaliero T, Gramiccia M, Christofi G, Christofi N, Economides P, Eckert J (1998) Canine leishmaniosis in Cyprus due to Leishmania infantum MON 1. Acta Trop 71:169–178
Fakhar M, Rahmati B, Gohardehi S, Mohebali M, Akhoundi B, Sharif M, Mahdavi SA (2011) Molecular and seroepidemiological survey of visceral leishmaniasis among humans and domestic dogs in Mazandaran province North of Iran. Iran J Parasitol 6(4):51–59
Haddadzade HR, Fattahi R, Mohebali M, Akhoundi B, Ebrahimzade E (2013) Seroepidemiologcal investigation of visceral leishmaniasis in stray and owned dogs in Alborz province, Central Iran using direct agglutination test. Iran J Parasitol 8(1):152–157
Heidarpour M, Pourtaghi M, Khoshnegah J (2012) Prevalence and risk factors for canine leishmaniasis in Mashhad, North-East of Iran. Iran J Vet Sci Technol 4(1):37–46
Hosseininejad M, Mohebali M, Hosseini F, Karimi S, Sharifzad S, Akhoundi B (2012) Seroprevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis in asymptomatic dogs in Iran. Iran J Vet Res 13(1):54–57
Khanmohammadi M, Sadaghian M, Babaey-neghad F, Zakaria M (2008) Study on seroprevalence of visceral leishmaniasis in stray dogs of Marand (East Azerbaijan) with indirect immuno-fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and its health importance in 2007-2008. Int J Parasit Dis 4(1):1–3
Khanmohammadi M, Fallah E, Rahbari S, Sohrabi I, Farshchian M, Hamzavi F, Mohammadpourasl A (2010) Seroepidemiological survey of canine visceral leishemanisis in Sarab district, East Azerbaijan province, Northwest of Iran in 2009. Afr J Microbiol Res 4(19):2022–2028
Mahmoudvand M, Mohebali M, Sharifi I, Keshavarz H, Hajjaran H, Akhoundi B, Jahanbakhsh S, Zarean M, Javadi A (2011) Epidemiological aspects of visceral leishmaniasis in Baft district, Kerman province, southeast of Iran. Iran J Parasitol 6(1):1–11
Malmasi A, Janitabar S, Mohebali M, Akhoundi B, Maazi N, Aramoon M, Khorrami N, Seifi HA (2014) Seroepidemiologic survey of canine visceral leishmaniasis in Tehran and Alborz Provinces of Iran. J Arthropod-Borne Dis 8(2):132–138
Mohebali M (2013) Visceral leishmaniasis in Iran: review of the epidemiological and clinical features. Iran J Parasitol 8(3):348–358
Mohebali M, Hajjaran H, Hamzavi Y, Mobedi I, Arshi S, Zarei Z, Akhoundi B, Naeini KM, Avizeh R, Fakhar M (2005) Epidemiological aspects of canine visceral leishmaniosis in the Islamic Republic of Iran. Vet Parasitol 129:243–251
Moshfe A, Mohebali M, Edrissian G, Zarei Z, Akhoundi B, Kazemi B, Jamshidi S, Mahmoodi M (2008) Seroepidemiological study on canine visceral leishmaniasis in Meshkin-Shahr district, Ardabil province, Northwest of Iran during 2006–2007. Iran J Parasitol 3(3):1–10
Nicole CH, Comte CH (1908) Recherche sur le kala-azar enterprises a l’Institut Pasteur de Tunis. IV: origine canine kala-azar. Arch Inst Pasteur Tunis 3:59–62
Ozbel Y, Oskam L, Ozensoya S, Turgay N, Alkan MZ, Jaffe CL, Ozcel MA (2000) A survey on canine leishmaniasis in western Turkey by parasite, DNA and antibody detection assays. Acta Trop 74:1–6
Razzaghi Maensh M, Mahabadi S, Ghamesi A, Namjoo AR (2012) Prevalence of canine leishmaniasis in dogs at Ardestan district detected by PCR. Vet Res 5(2):22–25
Sharifdini M, Mohebali M, Keshavarz H, Hosseininejad M, Hajjaran H, Akhondi B, Rahimi-Foroushani A, Zarei Z, Charehdar S (2011) Neospora caninum and Leishmania infantum co-infection in domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) in Meshkin-shahr District Northwestern Iran. Iran J Arthropod-Born Dis 5(2):60–68
Sideris V, Papadopoulou G, Dotsika E, Karagouni E (1999) Asymptomatic canine leishmaniasis in Greater Athens area, Greece. Eur J Epidemiol 6(15):271
Tsachev I, Papadogiannakis E, Kontos V, Ivanov A, Chakarova B, Stojanchev K, Peshev R (2007) Seroepidemiology of Leishmania among healthy dogs in Bulgaria. Turk J Vet Anim Sci 31(1):73–74
Tsachev I, Papadogiannakis E, Harizanov R, Zarkov I (2008) Canine visceral leishmaniasis: current situation. Trakia J Sci 6(1):106–115
Zaffaroni E, Rubaudo P, Anfranchi L, Mignone W (1999) Epidemiological patterns of canine leishmaniosis in Western Liguria (Italy). Vet Parasitol 81:11–19
Zerpa O, Ulrich M, Borges R, Rodríguez V, Centeno M, Negrón E, Belizario D, Convit J (2003) Epidemiological aspects of human and canine visceral leishmaniasis in Venezuela. Rev Panam Salud Publica 13(4):20–23
Acknowledgments
This study has not been supported by any foundation. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gharekhani, J., Heidari, H., Hajian-Bidar, H. et al. Prevalence of anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies in dogs from West of Iran. J Parasit Dis 40, 964–967 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-014-0615-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-014-0615-3