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Influence of Nano Silica on Fresh and Hardened Properties of Cement-based Materials – A Review

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Abstract

In field, the research has been extended to the usage of Nano material in concrete and thereby enhancing the performance of the structure. It has been identified that incorporating a trifling amount of Nano material in concrete can modify the properties of cement at Nano level which makes the concrete much sustainable. Among the various Nano materials, Nano Silica has gained the attention in contemporary days because it offers high SSA and good pozzolanic reactivity even better than the other conventional mineral admixtures. Due to its high SSA, Nano Silica extended its advantages as a better filler, which makes the concrete less porous and thus enhances the durability. Early-age strength gain is due to the accelerated Nano Silica – Cement hydration which ends up in the formation of complex microstructural C-S–H gel. Accelerated hydration is the result of high pozzolanic reactivity of Nano Silica. For the better rheological properties, concrete with Nano Silica requires the higher dosage of super plasticizers to promote the rolling effect of Nano particles and also to avoid the agglomeration of Nano particles in concrete even at high water-cement ratio (0.45) when paralleled with conventional one. Moreover, dispersion type, particle size distribution and densification of concrete with Nano Silica particles plays a vital role in enhancing the strength parameters of the concrete. This review paper presents the study on how Nano Silica in concrete at different dosages can alter the properties of the concrete.

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Abbreviations

OPC:

Ordinary Portland Cement

SCM:

Supplementary Cementitious Material

CNTs:

Carbon Nano Tubes

NS:

Nano Silica

SEM:

Scanning Electron Microscope

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

C-S–H:

Calcium Silicate Hydrate

ITZ:

Interfacial Transition Zone

W/C:

Water-to-Cement

W/B:

Water-to-Binder

Ca/Si:

Calcium-Silica Ratio

nm:

Nano meter

µm:

Micro meter

rpm:

Revolution Per Minute

min:

Minutes

˚C:

Degree Celsius

SCC:

Self-Compacting Concrete

HPC:

High Performance Concrete

PCE:

Poly Carboxylate Ether

TOC:

Total Organic Carbon

mSiO2 :

Mesoporous Silica

TEOS:

Tetraethyl Orthosilicate

mSiO2/TiO2 :

Mesoporous titania-silica

SiO2 :

Silicon dioxide

Al2O3 :

Aluminum oxide

Fe2O3 :

Ferric Oxide

MgO:

Magnesium Oxide

CaO:

Calcium Oxide

SO3 :

Sulphur Trioxide

K2O:

Potassium oxide

Na2O:

Sodium oxide

TiO2 :

Titanium oxide

P2O5 :

Phosphorous pentoxide

SSA:

Specific Surface Area

SF:

Silica Fume

FA:

Fly Ash

UFFA:

Ultra-Fine Fly Ash

MK:

Metakaolin

NCW:

Nano Ceramic Waste

GP:

Glass Powder

GO:

Graphene Oxide

NC:

Dry Calcium Carbonate

GF:

Glass Fiber

HVFA:

High-Volume Fly Ash

HPSCC:

High Performance Self-Compacting Concrete

MPC:

Magnesium Phosphate Cement

GGBFS:

Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag

UHPC:

Ultra-high-Performance Concrete

RAC:

Recycled Aggregate Concrete

SCLC:

Self-Compacting Light Weight Aggregate

C3S:

Tricalcium Silicate

C2S:

Dicalcium Silicate

C3A:

Tricalcium Aluminate

Ca(OH)2 :

Calcium Hydroxide

PCA:

Poly Carboxylate Water-Reducing Admixture

HSC:

High Strength Concrete

PP:

Polypropylene

LWC:

Light Weight Concrete

LWA:

Light Weight Aggregate

HSLWC:

High strength lightweight concrete

ULWC:

Ultra-Light Weight Concrete

ULCC:

Ultra-Light weight Cement Composites

OWC:

Oil Well Cement

HVS:

High Volume Slag

HVS-FA:

High Volume Slag Fly Ash

BFS:

Blast Furnace Slag

Cement L:

Low C3A Cement

Cement H:

High C3A Cement

PCM:

Printable Cement Mortar

CAC:

Calcium Aluminate Cement

HVFAC:

High-Volume Fly Ash High-Strength Concrete

MP:

Macro polymeric Fibre

PVA:

Poly-Vinyl Alcohol

UPV:

Ultra-sonic pulse velocity

SEM:

Scanning Electron Microscopy

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Acknowledgements

The author wish to thank Dr.K.Prakasan, Principal, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore for the facilities provided to carry out this review work.

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  1. Advanced Concrete Research Laboratory, Department of Civil Engineering, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India

    K. Gayathiri

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India

    S. Praveenkumar

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Gayathiri K- Conceptualization, Methodology and Investigation, Praveenkumar S- Writing- Original draft preparation, Reviewing and Editing.

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Gayathiri, K., Praveenkumar, S. Influence of Nano Silica on Fresh and Hardened Properties of Cement-based Materials – A Review. Silicon 14, 8327–8357 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-021-01598-z

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