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Effects of Foliar Spraying Nano and Ionized Silicon on Physiological Characteristics and Yield of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Mini-tuber

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Abstract

Purpose

The role of protecting and structure-stabilizing silicon (Si) has been demonstrated on different plant species. However, it has not been used in potato seed production under a soilless culture system. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the ionized –Si and nano-Si particles on physiological characteristics and yield of potato mini-tuber.

Methods

A greenhouse experiment under a soilless culture system was performed as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) arranged in factorial with three replications. In this study, Si concentration (distilled water (Control), 0.8, 1.6, 2.4, and 3.2 mmol Si L−1) and Si type at two levels (nano and ionized Si-based in sodium silicate) were tested.

Results

The results revealed that foliar application of Si significantly improved the net photosynthesis rate, water use efficiency, mesophyll conductance, Chl a, Chl b, carotenoids, Chl a/b ratio, DPPH radical scavenging, total phenol, shoot dry weight, Si concentration in shoot, mean weight mini-tuber, and yield, whereas transpiration rate in Si-treated plants decreased. Moreover, the highest positive influence of Si was observed at 3.2 mmol L−1. The effect of nano-Si was higher than ionized-Si at all Si concentrations. The results revealed improved physiological characteristics and yield of potato plantlets under nano-Si treatments compared to ionized-Si treatments. However, these relations were not significant under ionized treatment.

Conclusions

This study indicated that the application of Si (nano and ionized) for potato growing and mini-tuber production has positive effects. Generally, under a soilless culture system, Nano-Si has higher efficiency than ionized-Si in mini-tuber production.

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Data Availability

Not applicable.

Code Availability

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Abbreviations

Cd:

Cadmium

Chl a:

Chlorophyll a

Chl b:

Chlorophyll b

Cart:

carotenoids

DPPH:

DPPH radical scavenging

MC:

Mesophyll conductance

Pn:

Net photosynthetic rate

TW:

mini-tuber weight

RCBD:

randomized complete block design

Si:

Silicon

Tr:

Transpiration rate

T.phenol:

Total phenol

SiS:

Si concentration in shoot

TY:

mini-tuber yield

WUE:

Water use efficiency

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Acknowledgements

Authors are thankful to the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM), Central Ferdowsi University of Mashhad labs and Iran Nanotechnology Innovation Council for financial and technical support to carry out this work. The authors would like to appreciate from Yekta Seed Technologists Company for providing equipment for tissue culture of potato.

Funding

This study was financed in part by Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (FUM).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

    Bijan Saadatian, Mohammad Kafi & Mohamad Bannayan

  2. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran

    Hossein Hammami

Authors
  1. Bijan Saadatian
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  2. Mohammad Kafi
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  3. Mohamad Bannayan
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  4. Hossein Hammami
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Contributions

Bijan Saadatian designed and performed the experiments, Mohamad Kafi was involved in planning and supervised the project, Mohamad Banayan aval conceived the original idea and supervised the project Hossein Hammami Processed the experimental data, performed the analysis, wrote the manuscript with support from all authors. All authors discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hossein Hammami.

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Saadatian, B., Kafi, M., Bannayan, M. et al. Effects of Foliar Spraying Nano and Ionized Silicon on Physiological Characteristics and Yield of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Mini-tuber. Silicon 14, 8067–8079 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-021-01565-8

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