Abstract
In this work Copper based composites were synthesized from Cu and SiC powders using Powder Metallurgy (PM) technique. The composition of the composites are Cu, Cu-5 wt% SiC, Cu-10 wt% SiC and Cu-15 wt% SiC were made using 400 kN hydraulic press and sintered at 900 °C using muffle furnace for 4 h. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis was done on ball milled powders and sintered samples showed the uniform dispersal of SiC in the Cu. EDAX analysis evident the occurrence of SiC in the matrix. The addition of SiC in Cu improved the hardness and compressive strength (CS). Salt spray corrosion test resulted that, the improved corrosion resistance was obtained for the composite contain 10 wt.% of SiC. The corrosion rate was accomplished for the Cu – 10 wt.% SiC composite as 0.000894535 mm/year. Highest CS was attained for the sample contain 10 wt.% of SiC and highest hardness was observed for the sample contain 15 wt.% of SiC. The strengthening mechanism was discussed with the help of SEM images. The density was decreased and the % porosity was increased for the increasing wt.% of SiC in Cu matrix. The sintered density is higher than the green density for all the samples. From the observed results, it is concluded that produced composites would be suitable for radiator applications.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data Availability
The authors confirm that the data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article.
References
Bai H, Ma N, Lang J, Jin Y, Zhu C, Ma Y (2013) Thermo-physical properties of boron carbide reinforced copper composites fabricated by electroless deposition process. Mater Des 46:740–745. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2012.09.053
Bakshi SR, George KM (2013) Processing of copper – carbon nanotube composites by vacuum hot pressing technique. Mater Sci Eng A 560:365–371
Celebi Efe G, Ipek M, Zeytin S, Bindal C (2012) An investigation of the effect of SiC particle size on Cu–SiC composites. Compos Part B 43(4):1813–1822
Chen B, Yang J, Zhang Q, Huang H, Li H, Tang H, Li C (2015) Tribological properties of copper-based composites with copper coated NbSe2 and CNT. Mater Des 75:24–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2015.03.012
Fatoba OS, Popoola O, Popoola API (2015) The effects of silicon carbide reinforcement on the properties of cu/SiCp composites. Silicon 7:351–356
Ghiţǎ C, Popescu IN (2012) Experimental research and compaction behaviour modelling of aluminium based composites reinforced with silicon carbide particles. Comput Mater Sci 64:136–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2012.05.031
Grzonka J, Kruszewski MJ, Rosiński M, Ciupiński Ł, Michalski A, Kurzydłowski KJ (2015) Interfacial microstructure of copper/diamond composites fabricated via a powder metallurgical route. Mater Charact 99:188–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2014.11.032
Guo MLT, Tsao CYA (2000) Tribological behavior of self-lubricating aluminium/SiC/graphite hybrid composites synthesized by the semi-solid powder-densification method. Compos Sci Technol 60:65–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0266-3538(99)00106-2
Hassani A, Bagherpour E, Qods F (2014) Influence of pores on workability of porous Al/SiC composites fabricated through powder metallurgy + mechanical alloying. J Alloys Compd 591:132–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.12.205
Karuppiah I, Poovaraj RK, Veeramani A, Shanmugam S, Manickam R, Rangasamy R (2017) Synthesis, characterization and forming behavior of hybrid copper matrix composites produced using powder metallurgy. Int J Mater Res 108:586–591. https://doi.org/10.3139/146.111510
Kumar S, Balasubramanian V (2008) Developing a mathematical model to evaluate wear rate of AA7075/SiCp powder metallurgy composites. Wear 264:1026–1034. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2007.08.006
Liang Y, Han Z, Zhang Z, Li X, Ren L (2012) Effect of Cu content in Cu-Ti-B4C system on fabricating TiC/TiB2 particulates locally reinforced steel matrix composites. Mater Des 40:64–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2012.03.023
Liang Y, Zhao Q, Han Z, Zhang Z, Li X, Ren L (2015) Reaction behavior of TiC/Cu composite via thermal explosion reaction (TE) under Ar and air atmosphere. Corros Sci 93:283–292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2015.01.029
Martínez-Flores E, Negrete J, Villasenor GT (2003) Structure and properties of Zn-Al-Cu alloy reinforced with alumina particles. Mater Des 24:281–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0261-3069(03)00028-1
Meena KL, Manna A, Banwait SS, Jaswanti (2013) An analysis of mechanical properties of the developed Al/SiC-MMC’s. Amer J Mech Eng 1(1):14–19
Moreno MF, González Oliver CJR (2011) Densification of Al powder and Al-Cu matrix composite (reinforced with 15% Saffil short fibres) during axial cold compaction. Powder Technol 206:297–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2010.09.034
Phutane P, Jatti VKS, Sekhar R, Singh TP (2013) Synthesis and characterization of SiC reinforced HE-30 Al alloy particulate MMCs. Int J Eng Techn 5(3):2866–2870
Qin QD, Huang BW, Li W, Shao F (2016) Microstructure development of in situ porous TiO/cu composites. J Alloys Compd 672:590–594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.02.174
Rajkumar K, Aravindan S (2011) Tribological performance of microwave sintered copperTiCgraphite hybrid composites. Tribol Int 44:347–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2010.11.008
Rathod S, Modi OP, Prasad BK, Chrysanthou A, Vallauri D, Deshmukh VP, Shah AK (2009) Cast in situ Cu-TiC composites: synthesis by SHS route and characterization. Mater Sci Eng A 502:91–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2008.10.002
Raza K, Khalid FA (2014) Optimization of sintering parameters for diamond-copper composites in conventional sintering and their thermal conductivity. J Alloys Compd 615:111–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.06.139
Int J Poly Sci: T. Sathish, V. Mohanavel, Alagar Karthick, M. Arunkumar, M. Ravichandran, and S. Rajkumar (2021) Study on compaction and machinability of Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) reinforced copper alloy composite through P/M route, 1–10. doi.org/10.1155/2021/7491679
Stalin B, Sudha GT, Ravichandran M (2018) Investigations on characterization and properties of Al-MoO3 composites synthesized using powder metallurgy technique. Silicon 10:2663–2670. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-018-9803-6
Sumathi M, Selvakumar N, Narayanasamy R (2012) Workability studies on sintered Cu-10SiC preforms during cold axial upsetting. Mater Des 39:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2012.02.004
Ünlü BS (2008) Investigation of tribological and mechanical properties Al2O3-SiC reinforced Al composites manufactured by casting or P/M method. Mater Des 29:2002–2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2008.04.014
Wang H, Zhang R, Hu X, Wang CA, Huang Y (2008) Characterization of a powder metallurgy SiC/Cu-Al composite. J Mater Process Technol 197:43–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.06.002
Wang J, Zhang R, Xu J, Wu C, Chen P (2013) Effect of the content of ball-milled expanded graphite on the bending and tribological properties of copper-graphite composites. Mater Des 47:667–671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2013.01.008
Wang F, Li Y, Wang X, Koizumi Y, Kenta Y, Chiba A (2016) In-situ fabrication and characterization of ultrafine structured Cu-TiC composites with high strength and high conductivity by mechanical milling. J Alloys Compd 657:122–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.10.061
Xu W, Hu R, Li JS, Fu HZ (2011) Effect of electrical current on tribological property of Cu matrix composite reinforced by carbon nanotubes. Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China (English Ed.) 21:2237–2241. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1003-6326(11)61001-7
Yao JT, Li CJ, Li Y, Chen B, Bin Huo H (2015) Relationships between the properties and microstructure of Mo-Cu composites prepared by infiltrating copper into flame-sprayed porous Mo skeleton. Mater Des 88:774–780. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2015.09.062
Zhang Y, Li Y, Li Y, Song M, Zhang X (2020) Effect of graphene content on microstructure and properties of Gr/Cu composites. Mater Sci Forum MSF 993:723–729. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.993.723
Acknowledgments
The authors wish to thank the K.Ramakrishnan College of Engineering, Trichy Tamil Nadu, India for the support rendered to this work.
Funding Statement
No funds, grants, or other support was received for this work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Conceptualization: [M.Ravichandran] [M Meignanamoorthy].
Methodology: [M.Melwin Jagadeesh Sridhar] [M.Ravichandran].
Formal analysis and investigation: [M Meignanamoorthy].
Writing - original draft preparation: [M.Melwin Jagadeesh Sridhar] [M.Ravichandran];
Writing - review and editing: [M.Melwin Jagadeesh Sridhar] [M.Ravichandran] [M Meignanamoorthy] [V.Mohanavel].
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Not Applicable.
Consent to Participate
Not Applicable.
Consent for Publication
Consent was obtained from all the authors for the publication of this manuscript.
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Sridhar, M.M.J., Ravichandran, M., Meignanamoorthy, M. et al. Effect of Silicon Carbide on Microstructural, Mechanical and Corrosion Behavior of Electrolytic Copper Matrix Composite Produced by the Powder Metallurgy Route. Silicon 14, 5877–5886 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-021-01369-w
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-021-01369-w