Abstract
The effect of TiO2, ZrO2 and Na3AlF6 ultrafine powders on the fine structure and the phase composition of Fe–14Mn–1.2C steel was investigated. The introduction of the ultrafine powders into the melt influenced the grain size, the quantity, and the character of distribution of nonmetallic inclusions in the railroad frogs. The microstructure of castings was improved significantly because of the refinement of the grain structure and an increase of the grain-boundary area. After the modifying mixture was introduced into the melt, either the microtwins of one or two intersecting systems or the precipitations of ε-martensite of different types, or simultaneously the microtwins and wafers of ε-martensite, were present in each grain.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A.Z. Issagulov, A.B. Akhmetov, Y.P. Naboko, G.D. Kusainova, and A.A. Kuszhanova, The research of modification process of steel hadfield integrated alloy ferroalumisilicocalium (Fe–Al–Si–Ca/FASC), Metalurgija, 55(2016, No. 3, 333.
A.K. Srivastava and K. Das, Microstructural characterization of Hadfield austenitic manganese steel, J. Mater. Sci., 43(2008, No. 16, 5654.
A. Grajcar, U. Galisz, and L. Bulkowski, Non-metallic inclusions in high manganese austenitic alloys, Arch. Mater. Sci. Eng., 50(2011, No. 1, 21.
X.Y. Li, W. Wu, Y. Xi, and F.Q. Zu, The influence of SG modification on the microstructures of high manganese steel, [in] Proceedings of the International Conference on Digital Manufacturing and Automation, Changsha, 2010, p. 704.
A. Grajcar, M. Kaminska, U. Galisz, L. Bulkowski, M. Opiela, and P. Skrzypczyk, Modification of non-metallic inclusions in high-strength steels containing increased Mn and Al contents, J. Achiev. Mater. Manufact. Eng., 55(2012, No. 2, 245.
L.A. Dobrzanski, A. Grajcar, and W. Borek, Microstructure evolution and phase composition of high-manganese austenitic steels, J. Achiev. Mater. Manufact. Eng., 31(2008, No. 2, 218.
V.P. Saburov, Suspension modification of steels and alloys with ultradisperse powders, Liteinoe Proizvodstvo, No. 4, (1991), p. 14.
R. Lazarova, P. Kuzmanov, R. Dimitrova, A. Cherepanov, and V. Manolov, Properties of 110-13 steel and SCh 25 cast iron modified by refractory nanopowder, Steel Transl, 42(2012, No. 4, 298.
V.T. Kalinin, V.E. Hrychikov, V.A. Krivosheev, and E.V. Menyailo, Theory and practice of cast-iron inoculation by ultra- and nanodispersed materials, Metall. Min. Ind., 2(2010, No. 5, 341.
A.P. Zykova, Influence of Ultrafine Mixture Tio2, Zro2 and Cryolite on the Structure and Physical-mechanical Properties Construction Cast Iron [Dissertation], Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, 2015, p. 218.
A.P. Zykova, I. Kurzina, D.V. Lychagin, A.V. Chumaevsky, and M.Y. Novomejsky, Influence of refractory metal oxide ultrafine particles on the structure and mechanical properties of high-manganese steel, Adv. Mater. Res., 1085(2015, 260.
Acknowledgments
This work was partly supported by the Russian Foundation for basic Researches (No. 16-48-700198) and by the Tomsk State University competitiveness improvement programme.
The paper is based on the presentation given in the II International symposium “Fundamental aspects of rare-earth elements exploration, mining and separation, and modern materials engineering,” August 15–18, 2016, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zykova, A., Popova, N., Kalashnikov, M. et al. Fine structure and phase composition of Fe–14Mn–1.2C steel: influence of a modified mixture based on refractory metals. Int J Miner Metall Mater 24, 523–529 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-017-1433-2
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-017-1433-2