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Diets Supplemented with Probiotics Improve the Performance of Broilers Exposed to Heat Stress from 15 Days of Age

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Abstract

The poultry sector demands alternative additives to antibiotics that can be used as performance enhancers. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the probiotics effects on performance, intestinal health, and redox status of 720 broilers exposed to heat stress from 15 days of age. Eight dietary treatments were evaluated: basal diet (BD) without antibiotic and probiotic (T1); BD supplemented with antibiotic zinc bacitracin (T2), BD supplemented with commercial probiotic of Bacillus subtilis DSM 17,299 (T3), BD supplemented with non-commercial probiotic of Lactococcus lactis NCDO 2118, Lactobacillus delbrueckii CNRZ 327, Escherichia coli CEC15, or Saccharomyces boulardii (T4 to T7), and BD simultaneously supplemented with the four non-commercial probiotics (T8). Feed intake, weight gain, and feed conversion were determined in the period from 1 to 42 days of age. Carcass and cuts yield, abdominal fat deposition, cloacal temperature, weight and length of intestine, activity of myeloperoxidase and eosinophilic peroxidase enzymes in the jejunum, jejunal histomorphometry, relative gene expression in the jejunum (occludin, zonulin, interleukin-8, cholecystokinin, ghrelin, and heat shock protein-70), and liver (heat shock protein-70), in addition to malondialdehyde level and superoxide dismutase activity in the intestine, liver, and blood, were measured in broilers at 42 days old. As main results, broilers fed T1 diet exhibited lower weight gain (3.222 kg) and worse feed conversion (1.70 kg/kg). However, diets containing non-commercial probiotics resulted in up to 3.584 kg of weight gain and improved feed conversion by up to 10%, similar to that observed for broilers of the T2 and T3 groups.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated and analyzed during this study are included in this published article. The supplementary information files are available from the Luciana de P. Naves on reasonable request. E-mail: luciananaves@ufla.br.

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Funding

Jéssica C. das D. Ribeiro thanks the scholarship provided by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq). Luciana de P. Naves thanks the research productivity grant provided by CNPq (protocol number 312436/2020–3).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-900, Brazil

    Jéssica C. das D. Ribeiro, João P. F. Guimarães, Maria I. A. Martins, Pedro M. de M. Murata, Andressa C. de Carvalho & Luciana de P. Naves

  2. Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 30421-169, Brazil

    Mariana M. Drumond & Pamela Mancha-Agresti

  3. Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-900, Brazil

    Daiane da C. Ferreira

  4. Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo—ESALQ, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13418-900, Brazil

    Raquel T. Pereira

  5. Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Nossa Senhora da Glória, Sergipe, 49680-000, Brazil

    Valdir Ribeiro Júnior

  6. Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Ecologia e Evolução, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Brazil

    Vasco A. de C. Azevedo

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  1. Jéssica C. das D. Ribeiro
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Contributions

JCDR reviewed the literature, conducted the field experiment, collaborated in laboratory analyzes, and helped with the writing and format of the manuscript. MMD and PMA collaborated on the experimental design definition, helped produce the non-commercial probiotics, conducted the molecular biology analyses, and reviewed the manuscript. JPFG, DCF, MIAM, PMMM, ACC and RTP collaborated in the field experiment and laboratory analyses. VRJ performed the statistical analysis. VACA collaborated on the experimental design definition, provided the laboratories and equipment for production non-commercial probiotics and realizing the molecular biology analyzes, obtained financial support, and reviewed the manuscript. LPN reviewed the literature, collaborated on the experimental design definition, provided equipment for the field experiment and laboratory analyses, obtained financial support, supervised this study, and helped with the writing format, and revision of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Luciana de P. Naves.

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das D. Ribeiro, J.C., Drumond, M.M., Mancha-Agresti, P. et al. Diets Supplemented with Probiotics Improve the Performance of Broilers Exposed to Heat Stress from 15 Days of Age. Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot. 15, 1327–1341 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-022-09989-3

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