Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Simulated elevated atmospheric CO2 and temperature affect the severity of bean and pelargonium rust

  • Published:
Phytoparasitica Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Experimental trials were carried out on bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)/Uromyces appendiculatus F. Strauss and pelargonium [Pelargonium zonale (L.) L’Hér.ex Aiton]/ Puccinia pelargonii-zonalis Doidge pathosystems, under phytotron conditions, to evaluate the effects of simulated elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations, ranging from 800 to 850 ppm, compared with standard CO2, ranging from 400 to 450 ppm, and temperatures, ranging from 14 to 18, 18 to 22, 22 to 26 and 26 to 30 °C. A total of eight CO2 and temperature combinations were tested to establish their effects on the development of bean and pelargonium rusts. A doubled concentration of CO2, at the same temperature regime, was found to lead to an increase in U. appendiculatus disease severity on the beans. The combined CO2 and temperature factors significantly influenced the severity (p = 0.049) of the rust caused by U. appendiculatus. Moreover, Puccinia pelargonii–zonalis was observed to be more severe on pelargonium at the lowest tested temperatures, that is, between 14 and 22 °C. A high CO2 regime was shown to significantly increase disease severity at such temperatures. At the highest tested temperatures, that is, between 26 and 30 °C, which are generally not favourable for rust development, the increase in CO2 had no significant effect on disease severity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ainsworth, E. A., & Long, S. P. (2005). What have we learned from 15 years of free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE)? A meta-analytic review of the responses of photosynthesis, canopy properties and plant production to rising CO2. New Phytologist, 165, 351–372.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chakraborty, S. (2013). Migrate or evolve: options for plant pathogens under climate change. Global Change Biology, 19, 1985–2000.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chakraborty, S., Murray, G., & White, N. (2002). Potential impact of climate change on plant diseases of economic significance to Australia. Australasian Plant Pathology, 27, 15–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coakley, S. M. (1979). Climate variability in the Pacific Northwest and its effect on stripe rust disease of winter wheat. Climatic Change, 2, 33–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coakley, S. M., Scherm, H., & Chakraboty, S. (1999). Climate change and plant disease management. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 37, 399–426.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • De Vallavieille-Pope, C., Huber, L., Leconte, M., & Goyau, H. (1995). Comparative effects of temperature and interrupted wet periods on germination, penetration and infection of Puccinia recondita f.sp. tritici and P. striiformis on wheat seedlings. Phytopathology, 85, 409–415.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dixon, L. J., Castlebury, L. A., Aime, M. C., Glynn, N. C., & Comstock, J. C. (2010). Phylogenetic relationships of sugarcane rust fungi. Mycological Progress, 9, 459–468.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ferris, R., & Taylor, G. (1994). Stomatal characteristics of four native herbs following exposure to elevated CO2. Annals of Botany, 73, 447–453.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferrocino, I., Chitarra, W., Pugliese, M., Gilardi, G., Gullino, M. L., & Garibaldi, A. (2013). Effect of elevated atmospheric CO2 and temperature on disease severity of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lactucae on lettuce plants. Applied Soil Ecology, 72, 1–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Franks, P. J., Adams, M. A., Amthor, J. S., Barbour, M. M., Berry, J. A., Ellsworth, D. S., Farquhar, G. D., Ghannoum, L. O., McDowell, N., Norby, R. J., Tissue, D. T., & von Caemmerer, S. (2013). Sensitivity of plants to changing atmospheric CO2 concentration: from the geological past to the next century. New Phytologist, 197, 1077–1094.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gautam, H. R., Bhardwaj, M. L., & Kumar, R. (2013). Climate change and its impact on plant diseases. Current Science, 105, 1685–1691.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gerecheter-Amitai, Z. K., Sharp, E. L., & Reinhold, M. (1984). Temperature-sensitive genes for resistance to Puccinia striiformis in Triticum dicoccoides. Euphytica, 33, 665–672.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ghini, R., Hamada, E., & Bettiol, W. (2008). Climate change and plant diseases. Scientia Agricola, 65, 98–107.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gilardi, G., Pugliese, M., Chitarra, W., Ramon, I., Gullino, M. L., & Garibaldi, A. (2016). Effect of elevated atmospheric CO2 and temperature increases on the severity of basil downy mildew caused by Peronospora belbahrii under phytotron conditions. Journal of Phytopathology, 164(2), 114–121.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gregory, P. J., Johnson, S. N., Newton, A. C., & Ingram, J. S. I. (2009). Integrating pests and pathogens into the climate change/food security debate. Journal of Experimental Botany, 60, 2827–2838.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Groth, J. V., & Mogen, B. D. (1978). Completing the life cycle of Uromyces phaseoli var. typica on bean plants. Phytopathology, 68, 1674–1675.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grünzweig, J. M. (2011). Potential maternal effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on development and disease severity in a Mediterranean legume. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2, 1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gullino, M. L., Pugliese, M., Paravicini, A., Casulli, E., Rettori, A., Sanna, M., & Garibaldi, A. (2011). New phytotrons for studying the effect of climate change on plant pathogens. Journal of Agricultural Engineering– Rivista di Ingegneria Agraria, 1, 1–11. doi:10.4081/jae.2011.1.1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harvood, C. A., & Raabe, R. D. (1979). The Disease cycle and control of geranium rust. Phytopathology, 69, 923–927.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Helpher, S. (2014). Rust fungi and global change. New Phytologist, 201, 770–780.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hetherington, A. M., & Woodward, I. F. (2003). The role of stomata in sensing and driving environmental change. Nature, 423, 901–908.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaur, S., Dhaliwal, L., & Kaur, P. (2008). Impact of climate change on wheat disease scenario in Punjab. Journal of Research, 45, 161–170.

    Google Scholar 

  • Manning, W. J., & von Tiedemann, A. V. (1995). Climate change: potential effects of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), ozone (O3), and ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation on plant diseases. Environmental Pollution, 88, 219–245.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mboup, M., Bahri, B., Leconte, M., De Vallavieille-Pope, C., Kaltz, O., & Enjalbert, J. (2012). Genetic structure and local adaptation of European wheat yellow rust populations: the role of temperature-specific adaptation. Evolutionary Applications, 5, 341–352.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mina, U., & Sinha, P. (2008). Effects of climate change on plant pathogens. Environment News, 14(4), 6–10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Park, S., Chen, Z.-Y., Chanda, A. K., Schneider, R. W., & Hollier, C. A. (2008). Viability of Phakopsora pachyrhizi urediniospores under simulated southern Louisiana winter temperature conditions. Plant Disease, 92, 1456–1462.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peters, G. P., Marland, G., Le Quéré, C., Boden, T., Canadell, J., & Raupach, M. R. (2012). Rapid growth in CO2 emissions after the 2008–2009 global financial crisis. Nature Climate Change, 2, 2–4.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pfender, W. F., & Vollmer, S. S. (1999). Freezing temperature effect on survival of Puccinia graminis subsp. graminicola in Festuca arundinacea and Lolium perenne. Plant Disease, 83, 1058–1062.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pugliese, M., Gullino, M. L., & Garibaldi, A. (2010). Effects of elevated CO2 and temperature on interactions of grapevine and powdery mildew: first results under phytotron conditions. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 117, 9–14.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pugliese, M., Cogliati, E., Gullino, M. L., & Garibaldi, A. (2012a). Effect of climate change on Alternaria leaf spot of rocket salad and black spot of basil under controlled environment. Communications in Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences, 77, 241–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pugliese, M., Liu, J., Titone, P., Garibaldi, A., & Gullino, M. L. (2012b). Effect of elevated CO2 and temperature on interactions of zucchini and powdery mildew. Phytopathologia Mediterranea, 51, 480–487.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • von Tiedemann, A. V., & Firsching, K. H. (2000). Interactive effects of elevated ozone and carbon dioxide on growth and yield of leaf rust-infected versus non-infected wheat. Environmental Pollution, 108, 357–363.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Woodward, F. I., & Kelly, C. K. (1995). The influence of CO2 concentration on stomatal density. New Phytology, 131, 311–327.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wynn, W. K. (1976). Appressorium formation over stomates by the bean rust fungus: Response to a surface contact stimulus. Phytopathology, 66, 136–146.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 634179 “Effective Management of Pests and Harmful Alien Species - Integrated Solutions” (EMPHASIS). The authors kindly thank Marguerite Jones for the language revision.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Innovation in the Agro-Environmental Sector, AGROINNOVA, University of Torino, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy

    Giovanna Gilardi, Massimo Puglliese, Maria Lodovica Gullino & Angelo Garibaldi

  2. Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences (DISAFA), University of Torino, Largo P. Braccini 2, 10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy

    Massimo Puglliese & Maria Lodovica Gullino

Authors
  1. Giovanna Gilardi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Massimo Puglliese
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Maria Lodovica Gullino
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Angelo Garibaldi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Giovanna Gilardi.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gilardi, G., Puglliese, M., Gullino, M.L. et al. Simulated elevated atmospheric CO2 and temperature affect the severity of bean and pelargonium rust. Phytoparasitica 44, 325–332 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-016-0533-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12600-016-0533-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation