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Ultra-narrow linewidth micro-ring resonator for optical notch filter and methane sensing applications

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Abstract

An ultra-narrow linewidth micro-ring resonator (MRR) optical notch filter, utilising grating-in-ring design in TiO\(_2\) core waveguide, with resonance in the near-infrared (NIR) regime of spectrum is reported. The waveguide gap and their thickness have been thoroughly optimized to achieve ultra-narrow linewidth, \(\sim\)21 pm, and considerably large extinction ratio (ER), \(\sim\)50 dB, of the through-port transmission spectrum. The extinction ratio and linewidth of the output characteristics are appropriate to filter out the wavelength with high precision. The significance of these filters has also been highlighted in light of the wide range of uses of NIR lasers. As a possible sensor, we analyse the MRRs methane gas sensing characteristics using finite-difference time domain simulation, where the grating structure inside the ring waveguide has been used to enhance the modal field in the sensing region. To augment sensors specificity towards methane gas molecules, we have considered a methane-sensitive ultraviolet-curable fluoro-siloxane (UVCFS) layer over the sensor surface. The grating-in ring MRR shows a maximum sensitivity of \(-\)0.61 nm/% (v/v) of CH\(_4\) in UVCFS layer with TM-like polarized mode field source. The spectral shift at different concentrations of methane gas has been calculated using the relation between the refractive index (RI) of UVCFS layer and methane gas concentrations.

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Acknowledgements

Yogesh Kumar Verma is thankful to the Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India for the institute fellowship.

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  1. Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208016, India

    Yogesh Kumar Verma & Saurabh Mani Tripathi

  2. Optics and Photonics Centre, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India

    Saurabh Mani Tripathi

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Verma, Y.K., Tripathi, S.M. Ultra-narrow linewidth micro-ring resonator for optical notch filter and methane sensing applications. J Opt (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12596-024-01702-7

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