Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Estimated the nanoparticles size of CdS from UV–Vis spectrum absorption by effective mass approximation model (EMA) using capping and complex agent

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Journal of Optics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The UV–VIS spectra analysis of CdS was carried out, and the effective mass approximation model was used to evaluate the size of CdS NPs. CdS nanoparticles were prepared by using chemical bath deposition. The results showed that the highest value of the energy gap was 3.4 eV under the following conditions (Capping (PVA = 900 mg)), where the cutoff wavelength at this value was 364 nm. This indicates a shift toward the short wavelength, while the results of mixing were shown at (Complex agent (cation/:anion ratio 1:3)) ratio, where the energy gap was 3 eV. On the other hand, the results showed that the crystal size is inversely proportional to the change in the capping value and also inversely proportional to the ratio of the complex agent.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. M.G. Burt, The justification for applying the effective-mass approximation to microstructures. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 4, 6651–6690 (1992)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  2. C. Lokhande, P. Patil, H. Tributsch, A. Ennaoui, ZnSe thin films by chemical bath deposition method. Sol. Ener. Mater. Sol. Cells 55(4), 379–393 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. M. Hosokawa, K. Nogi, M. Naito, T. Yokoyama, Nanoparticle Technology Handbook (Elsevier, USA, 2007)

    Google Scholar 

  4. R. Viswanatha, S. Sapra, T. Saha-Dasgupta, D.D. Sarma, Electronic structure of and quantum size effect in III-V and II-VI semiconducting nanocrystals using a realistic tight binding approach. Phys. Rev. B. 72(4), 045333 (2005)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. N. Sharma, M. Ganesh, R. Mittal, The non-brown motion of nanoparticles: an impact process model. IEEE Trans. Nanotech. 3(1), 180–186 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. C. Rao, J. Thomas, U. Kulkarni, Nanocrystals: Synthesis, Properties and Applications (Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, 2007)

    Google Scholar 

  7. H. Weller, Quantized semiconductor particles: a novel state of matter for materials science. Adv. Mater. 5(2), 88–95 (1993)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  8. A. Alivisatos, Perspectives on the physical chemistry of semiconductor nanocrystals. J. Phys. Chem. 100(31), 13226–13239 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. L. Kosyachenko,"Solar Cells – Thin-Film Technologies", 1st Ed. InTech, Croatia, (2011)

  10. F. Iacomi, "Nanometer-sized CdS and ZnS clusters in zeolites", Analele Stiintifice Ale Universitii" ALICUZA" IASI Tomul XLV - XLVI, s. Fizica Stării Condensate, 287–291 (1999–2000)

  11. G. Banfi, V. Degiorgio, D. Ricard, Nonlinear optical properties of semiconductor nanocrystals. Adv. In Phys 47(3), 447–510 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. N. Donkor, "Structural and optoelectronic properties of Copper, Zinc, Cadmium Lead chalcogenide nanocrystalline thin films deposited at the water-toluene interface", Ph.D. thesis, Kwame Nkrumah of Science and Technology, College of Science, Department of Chemistry, Kumasi, Ghana, (2013)

  13. E. Leite, C. Ribeiro, Crystallization and Growth of Colloidal Nanocrystals (Springer-Verlag, New York, 2012)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  14. G. Stansfield, "Properties of Nanocrystalline Thin Films of Metals and Semiconductors Obtained at the Water-Oil Interface", Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K, (2012)

  15. L. Brus, Electron–electron and electron-hole interactions in small semiconductor crystallites: the size dependence of the lowest excited electronic state. J. Chem. Phys. 80(9), 4033–4409 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. T. Kippeny, L. Swafford, S. Rosnethal, Semiconductor nanocrystals: a powerful visual aid for introducing the particle in a box. J. Chem. Educ. 79(9), 1094–1100 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. J. Tauc, R. Grigorovici, A. Vancu, Optical properties and electronic structure of germanium. Phys. Stat. Sol 15(2), 627–637 (1996)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  18. V. Kumar, R. Kumar, S.P. Lochab, N. Singh, Effect of swift heavy ion irradiation on nanocrystalline CaS: Bi phosphors: structural, optical and luminescence studies. Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. Sect. B: Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms 262(2), 194–200 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. R. Sarkar, C. Tiwary, P. Kumbhakar, S. Basu, A. Mitra, Yellow-orange light emission from Mn2+ doped ZnS nanoparticles. Phys. E: low-Dimension. Syst. Nanostruct. 40(10), 3115–3120 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. Y. Zhang, “ Ag nanocrystal suface capped with thiourea.” Chin. J. Inorg. Chem. 15(5), 595 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Y. Jian-Xi, Z. Gao-Ling, H. Gao-Rong, the effect of the ratio of thiourea to Cd2+ on the properties of US nanoparticle. Microelectron. Eng. 66, 115–120 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. H.F. Al-Taay, Preparation and characterization of chemical bath deposition synthesis CdS nanocrystalline thin films. Iraqi J. Sci. 58(1C), 454–461 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  23. A.M. Kadim, W.R. Saleh, Morphological and optical properties of CdS quantum dots synthesized with different pH values. Iraqi J. Sci. 58(3A), 1207–1213 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  24. S.M. Shaban, K.T. Mahdi, A.S. Ahmed, Characterization of CdS nanoparticles prepared by liquid – liquid interface reaction. Iraqi J. Sci. 57(1C), 609–617 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  25. M.A.H. Al-Beayaty, L.K. Abbas, R.K. Mohammed, Structural, optical and morphological characterization of Cdse/Cds core / shell quantum dots synthesized via chemical bath. Iraqi J. Sci. 62(11), 4323–4332 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

The present research did not receive any grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors. So this personal work and the statement of declaration of interests are only mine and support has been subjected during the research work for the past year.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq

    Omar Abdulsada Ali

Authors
  1. Omar Abdulsada Ali
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Omar Abdulsada Ali.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

Author has no conflicts of interest to declare.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ali, O.A. Estimated the nanoparticles size of CdS from UV–Vis spectrum absorption by effective mass approximation model (EMA) using capping and complex agent. J Opt 53, 1551–1556 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12596-023-01296-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12596-023-01296-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation