Abstract
The epicuticular waxes of rice, Oryza sativa L. cultivars (Jamini and Santasi) play an important role in host selection and oviposition of the rice bug, Leptocorisa acuta. The GC-MS and GC-FID analyses of the epicuticular waxes indicated the presence of 8 n-alkanes, having chain lengths from n-C14 to n-C32 and 5 free fatty acids (FFAs) having chain lengths from C16:1 to C18:0. Among the identified n-alkanes and FFAs of selected rice cultivars, n-C20 (342.954 ± 9.499 µg plant− 1) and C18:3 (520.960 ± 10.660 µg plant− 1) of Jamini cultivar were the most abundant. For olfactory attraction [female > male] and oviposition [female] the most stimulating synthetic-combined-mixture of the epicuticular wax components was represented by 3 n-alkanes (n-C16, n-C18 and n-C20) and 3 FFAs (C16:1, C18:3, C18:0) in per plant equivalent quantity (565.399 ± 3.463 µg plant− 1 and 963.715 ± 4.341 µg plant− 1, respectively). Moreover, this synthetic-combined-mixture (3 n-alkanes + 3 FFAs), when applied to intact plant of Jamini cultivar, caused stronger behavioural responses (attraction and oviposition) than those observed for other treatments. The host preference (Jamini > Santasi) of L. acuta was evaluated simultaneously by olfactory, visual, and tactile cues, as valid for other insect species. Thus, the combined-synthetic-mixture (3 n-alkanes + 3 FFAs) in plant equivalent quantity (1529.114 ± 5.136 µg plant− 1) of Jamini cultivar acted as the most preferred lure and has the potential to be a part of an alternative sustainable strategy to develop baited trap in integrated pest management (IPM) of L. acuta in the future.
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Acknowledgements
We wish to express our deep sense of gratitude to Department of Science and Technology (WBDST) Project [File No.: ST/P/S&T/1G-29/2018], Government of West Bengal, India, for financial assistance. We must acknowledge the farmers who help me in every way during the fieldwork.
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SD, AH and NR conceived the research. SD conducted experiments. SD and NR analysed data and statistical analysis. SD, AH and NR contributed in the preparation of the manuscript and they all approved its final version.
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Dutta, S., Hossain, A. & Roy, N. Laboratory Assessment of Role of Epicuticular Waxes of Two Endemic Rice Cultivars in Attraction and Oviposition by the Insect Bug Leptocorisa acuta (Hemiptera: Alydidae). Proc Zool Soc 75, 301–312 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12595-022-00437-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12595-022-00437-2