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A comprehensive review on synthesis, characterization, and applications of polydimethylsiloxane and copolymers

  • Review Article
  • Published:
International Journal of Plastics Technology

Abstract

Polydimethylsiloxane belongs to a polymeric organosilicon compounds that is widely used as silicon-based organic polymer. Polydimethylsiloxane is a basically optically clear, inert, nontoxic and inflammable material which is widely used in medical devices, as an elastomer, antifoaming agent, heat-resistant lubricants, fire retardants, in cosmetics and for other valuable domestic applications. This comprehensive review of polydimethylsiloxane describes synthesis, characterization, surface modifications and formation of vital biodegradable films/membranes that can facilitate improvements in modern research. Polydimethylsiloxane is viscoelastic, hydrophobic, cytocompatible and herbicidal penetrant that provides water-repellent coatings in textile industry. In this study, copolymers of polydimethylsiloxane were thoroughly studied based on polyimides, carboxyesters, hydroxyethyleneoxide, degradation with polystyrene, cross-linking with block copolymers, phosphorus-based, gelatin-based and polyurethanes, which can be used for modern manufacturing purposes in all kinds of industrial world.

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Fig. 1
Scheme 1
Scheme 2
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Abbreviations

(PDMSX):

Polydimethylsiloxane

H-(PDMSX):

α-Hydride-polydimethylsiloxane

(PDMSX)-TES:

α-Triethoxysilil-polydimethylsiloxane

D4:

Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane

(PDMSX)-AGE:

α-Glycidoxypropil-polydimethylsiloxane

APTES:

α-Triethoxysilil-polydimethylsiloxane

HMDS:

1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexamethyl-disiloxane

A-PEO-TS:

Alpha-allyl-ω-trimethylsilyl-polyethyleneoxide

(PDMSX)g-PEO-OH:

Polydimethylsiloxane-g-hydroxy-functionalized polyethylene oxide

(PDMSX)g-PEO-COOH:

Polydimethylsiloxane-g-carboxyester-polyethyleneoxide

IPDI:

Isophorone diisocyanate

BDO:

1,4-Butanediol (BDO)

PBA:

Polybutylene adipate glycol

FTIR:

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

ATR:

Attenuated total reflectance

EDS:

Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

PP/(PDMSX)/GF:

Polypropylene/polydimethylsiloxane/graphite fluoride

APTES:

Aminopropyltriethoxysilane

PI-(PDMSX):

Polyimide-polydimethylsiloxane

AP-ODMS:

Alpha,ω-bis(3-aminopropyl)oligodimethylsiloxane

(PDMSX)-ACP:

Polydimethylsiloxane-(azobiscyanopentanoyl ester)s

(PDMSX)-b-PSt:

Polydimethylsiloxane-polystyrene

PP/(PDMSX)/GF:

Polypropylene/polydimethylsiloxane/graphite fluoride

AFM:

Atomic force microscopy

SEC:

Size exclusion chromatography

SAXS:

Small-angle X-ray scattering

HDPE:

High-density polyethylene

DCP:

Dicumyl peroxide

DSC:

Differential scanning calorimetry

GPC:

Gel permeation chromatography

DA-(PDMSX):

Alpha,ω-diamine-polydimethylsiloxane

DLS:

Dynamic light scattering

At-(PDMSX):

Aminoalkyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane

MDI:

4,4-Diphenylmethane diisocyanate

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Acknowledgements

TBH and YNM extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this prolific research group and Dr. Khalid Mahmood Zia and Dr. Muhammad Jahangir (University of Haripur) for encouragement and support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Qarshi Industries (Pvt.) Limited, Hattar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

    Qaiser Zaman

  2. Institute of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Khalid Mahmood Zia & Mohammad Zuber

  3. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia

    Yahia Nasser Mabkhot

  4. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia

    Faisal Almalki & Taibi Ben Hadda

  5. Laboratoire Chimie Matériaux, FSO, Université Mohammed 1ER, 60000, Oujda, Morocco

    Taibi Ben Hadda

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  1. Qaiser Zaman
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The authors contributed equally to this work.

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Zaman, Q., Zia, K.M., Zuber, M. et al. A comprehensive review on synthesis, characterization, and applications of polydimethylsiloxane and copolymers. Int J Plast Technol 23, 261–282 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12588-019-09259-y

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  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12588-019-09259-y

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