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Middle Ordovician Conodont Biostratigraphy of Australasia

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Abstract

Seven conodont biozones are recognized in the carbonate-dominated shelf-marine Middle Ordovician developed in the intracratonic sedimentary basins (Canning, Amadeus and Georgina) of central and north-western Australia, in the Lachlan and New England orogens of New South Wales, and in the Takaka Terrane of New Zealand. A separate scheme identifying seven conodont biozones spanning the Middle Ordovician has also been developed for siliciclastic sequences deposited in slope-basinal environments in the Lachlan Orogen in New South Wales and Victoria. This biozonal classification consisting of two parallel biostratigraphic schemes for the shelf-marine and deep-marine successions respectively has significantly increased precision in regional and global biostratigraphic correlation and laid a solid foundation for the Middle Ordovician chronostratigraphy of Australia and New Zealand. Recognition of short-ranging pandemic species as the eponymous species of the biozones also supports direct correlation with the classical conodont successions established in Baltoscandia and the North American Midcontinent, and with those of the major Chinese terranes (South and North China and Tarim). The Lachlan Orogen appears to be globally unique in enabling correlation of contemporaneous conodont faunas over a considerable spectrum of water depths and biofacies ranging from carbonate shelves, slopes to deep-water basins.

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Acknowledgments

This research was funded by the Geological Survey of New South Wales. Ian Percival kindly linguistically polished and commented on an earlier version of the manuscript. Cassie Yarnold of the GSNSW assisted with the final drafting of Fig. 1. Annalisa Ferretti and Xiuchun Jing are acknowledged for their careful and constructive review of the manuscript. This is a contribution to IGCP 653: The Onset of the Great Ordovician Biodiversification event; and IGCP Project 668: Equatorial Gondwana History and Early Palaeozoic Evolutionary Dynamics. The author publishes with permission of the Executive Director, Geological Survey of New South Wales. The final publication is available at Springer via https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-020-1116-1.

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Zhen, Y.Y. Middle Ordovician Conodont Biostratigraphy of Australasia. J. Earth Sci. 32, 474–485 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12583-020-1116-1

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