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Regulation and dysregulation of spatial chromatin structure in the central nervous system

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Abstract

Chromatin exists as a non-linear, “three-dimensional” structure in the nuclear space. The dynamic alteration of the chromatin structure leads to transcriptional changes during the formation of the neuronal network. Several studies providing evidence for the link between the dysregulation of spatial chromatin architecture and developmental disorders have accumulated. Therefore, we studied and reviewed the regulation and dysregulation of 3D genome organization in the central nervous system, with a special focus on the cohesin complex that is crucial for the formation of the chromatin loop structure. This review summarizes the function and mechanisms of spatial chromatin architecture during the development of the central nervous system. We discuss the link between the disturbances in the 3D chromatin structure and the diseases of the central nervous system. Finally, we discuss how the knowledge of 3D genome organization may lead to further advances in diagnosis and therapy for the diseases of the central nervous system.

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Acknowledgements

The author is grateful to Prof. Toshihide Yamashita (Osaka University) for his support. This work was partly supported by grants from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science KAKENHI 19K07266), The author received the Encouragement Award of the Japanese Association of Anatomists for fiscal year 2019.

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  1. Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan

    Yuki Fujita

  2. WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, 3-1, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan

    Yuki Fujita

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Fujita, Y. Regulation and dysregulation of spatial chromatin structure in the central nervous system. Anat Sci Int 96, 179–186 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12565-020-00567-7

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