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Methods and application of coherent X-ray diffraction imaging of noncrystalline particles

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Abstract

Microscopic imaging techniques have been developed to visualize events occurring in biological cells. Coherent X-ray diffraction imaging is one of the techniques applicable to structural analyses of cells and organelles, which have never been crystallized. In the experiment, a single noncrystalline particle is illuminated by an X-ray beam with almost complete spatial coherence. The structure of the particle projected along the direction of the beam is, in principle, retrieved from a finely recorded diffraction pattern alone by using iterative phase-retrieval algorithms. Here, we describe fundamental theory and experimental methods of coherent X-ray diffraction imaging and the recent application in structural studies of noncrystalline specimens by using X-rays available at Super Photon Ring of 8-Gev and SPring-8 Angstrom Compact Free Electron Laser in Japan.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Dr. Yoshiki Kohmura for his help in synchrotron cXDI experiments at SPring-8. The authors also thank to Dr. Kensuke Tono, Dr. Takashi Kameshima, Dr. Yasumasa Joti, Mr. Tetsukon Kim, and the members of the Engineering Team of SACLA for their help in the XFEL-cXDI experiments. One of the authors also acknowledges the graduate students of his laboratory, Dr. Yuki Sekiguchi, Mr. Takahiro Yamamoto, Ms. Saki Hashimoto, Mr. Asahi Fukuda, Mr. Wataru Kodama, and Mr. Keita Sakamoto.

Funding

The construction and development of the two diffraction apparatus was supported by a grant for X-ray Free Electron Laser Key Technology and the X-ray Free Electron Laser Priority Strategy Program from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan. In addition, the development of specimen preparation techniques and data analysis software was supported by grants to the author from the Japan Science Promotion Society (Nos. jp11558086, jp17654084, jp1920402, jp22244054, jp24654140, jp16H02218) and by grants to the author from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (Nos. jp10157202, jp15076210, jp23120525, jp25120725, jp17H05891). The cXDI experiments at BL29XUL of SPring-8 were performed at the RIKEN beamline of SPring-8 (proposal Nos. 20090097, 20100035, 20110006, 20140096, 20150098, 20160084, 20170017, 20180070, and 20190005). The XFEL-cXDI experiments were carried out at BL3 of SACLA (proposal Nos. 2012A8005, 2012B8037, 2013A8043, 2013B8049, 2014A8033, 2014B8052, 2015A8051, 2015B8049, 2016A8048, 2016B8064, 2017A8015, and 2017B8003). The PR calculations and multivariate analyses were performed using the mini-K supercomputer system at the SACLA facility.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan

    Masayoshi Nakasako, Amane Kobayashi, Yuki Takayama, Kenta Asakura, Mao Oide, Koji Okajima & Tomotaka Oroguchi

  2. RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kohto, Sayo, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan

    Masayoshi Nakasako, Amane Kobayashi, Yuki Takayama, Kenta Asakura, Mao Oide, Koji Okajima, Tomotaka Oroguchi & Masaki Yamamoto

  3. Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan

    Yuki Takayama

Authors
  1. Masayoshi Nakasako
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  2. Amane Kobayashi
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  3. Yuki Takayama
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  4. Kenta Asakura
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  5. Mao Oide
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  6. Koji Okajima
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  7. Tomotaka Oroguchi
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  8. Masaki Yamamoto
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Correspondence to Masayoshi Nakasako.

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Nakasako, M., Kobayashi, A., Takayama, Y. et al. Methods and application of coherent X-ray diffraction imaging of noncrystalline particles. Biophys Rev 12, 541–567 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12551-020-00690-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12551-020-00690-9

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