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Lessons from a tarantula: new insights into myosin interacting-heads motif evolution and its implications on disease

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Abstract

Tarantula’s leg muscle thick filament is the ideal model for the study of the structure and function of skeletal muscle thick filaments. Its analysis has given rise to a series of structural and functional studies, leading, among other things, to the discovery of the myosin interacting-heads motif (IHM). Further electron microscopy (EM) studies have shown the presence of IHM in frozen-hydrated and negatively stained thick filaments of striated, cardiac, and smooth muscle of bilaterians, most showing the IHM parallel to the filament axis. EM studies on negatively stained heavy meromyosin of different species have shown the presence of IHM on sponges, animals that lack muscle, extending the presence of IHM to metazoans. The IHM evolved about 800 MY ago in the ancestor of Metazoa, and independently with functional differences in the lineage leading to the slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum (Mycetozoa). This motif conveys important functional advantages, such as Ca2+ regulation and ATP energy-saving mechanisms. Recent interest has focused on human IHM structure in order to understand the structural basis underlying various conditions and situations of scientific and medical interest: the hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathies, overfeeding control, aging and hormone deprival muscle weakness, drug design for schistosomiasis control, and conditioning exercise physiology for the training of power athletes.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Gustavo Márquez for help with the manuscript. Molecular graphics images were produced using the UCSF Chimera package (Pettersen et al. 2004) from the Resource for Biocomputing, Visualization, and Informatics at the University of California, San Francisco (supported by the National Institutes of Health grant P41 RR-01081). This work was supported in part by Centro de Biología Estructural del Mercosur (http://www.cebem-lat.org) (to R.P.) and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (to R.P.).

We dedicate this review to the memory of Dr. Hugh E. Huxley.

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  1. Guidenn Sulbarán

    Present address: Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CEA-CNRS Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France

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  1. Centro de Biología Estructural “Humberto Fernández-Morán”, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC), Apdo. 20632, Caracas, 1020A, Venezuela

    Lorenzo Alamo, Antonio Pinto, Guidenn Sulbarán & Raúl Padrón

  2. Laboratoire d’Ecologie Alpine, UMR 5553 CNRS-Université Grenoble Alpes, 2233 Rue de la Piscine, 38041, Grenoble, France

    Jesús Mavárez

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This article is part of a Special Issue on ‘Latin America’ edited by Pietro Ciancaglini and Rosangela Itri.

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Alamo, L., Pinto, A., Sulbarán, G. et al. Lessons from a tarantula: new insights into myosin interacting-heads motif evolution and its implications on disease. Biophys Rev 10, 1465–1477 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12551-017-0292-4

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