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Late Devonian (Famennian) phacopid trilobites from western Xinjiang, Northwest China

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Abstract

An early Famennian trilobite fauna represented by phacopids is recorded and illustrated from the lower member of the Hongguleleng Formation (crepida conodont Zone) near the Bulongguoer Reservoir in northwestern Xinjiang, northwestern China. In this area, the Hongguleleng Formation is rich in diverse faunas and exposes bioclastic argillaceous limestones and marls, intercalated with green calcareous shales of Famennian shallow marine shelf deposits formed in a volcanic arc-related setting. The studied material is most often incomplete, often poorly preserved as internal molds. Due to insufficient preservation of well-preserved cephala, additional material is required. However, among faunas, the Hongguleleng Formation contains specimens of Clarksonops junggariensis gen. nov. sp. nov., a so-far endemic taxon, which is the first known and described representatives of trilobites from lower Famennian deposits of northwestern China; and ?Houseops cf. olonbulagensis, a taxon encountered in western Mongolia. Their affinities with known other sighted species of the same age are discussed.

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Data availability

The material investigated in this study is stored at Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology, China under repository numbers NIGP/180500-180511.

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Acknowledgements

We thank R. Feist (France) and A. van Viersen (The Netherlands) as reviewers for their comments and suggestions. Fieldwork to collect the specimens described herein was supported by a grant from the National Geographic Society, and NSF research grants EAR-9117673, EAR-9117505 and EAR-9117472. All the authors wish to express thanks to our many colleagues in the PRC (H.F. Hou, J.X. Wang, L.J Liu, and Z.T. Liao [deceased] and the US (C.G. Maples, S. A. Marcus, and N. G. Lane [deceased]) that participated in this fieldwork. This work is a contribution to the IGCP 652 ‘high-resolution Paleozoic geologic timescale’, to the French project ‘Contrat de Plan Etat-Région Climibio’, and to the French CNRS UMR 8198 Evo-Eco-Paleo.

Funding

This paper is a contribution to IGCP Project 652 (Reading geologic time in Paleozoic rocks: the need for an integrated stratigraphy [2017 – 2021]). The authors (CC) thank the Région Hauts–de–France, and the Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche (Contrat de plan Etat-Région Climibio) for their financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Université de Lille, CNRS, UMR 8198 Évo-Éco-Paléo, F-59000, Lille, France

    Catherine Crônier

  2. Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Appalachian State University, 572 Rivers St, Boone, NC, 28608, USA

    Johnny A. Waters

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  1. Catherine Crônier
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Correspondence to Catherine Crônier.

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Crônier, C., Waters, J.A. Late Devonian (Famennian) phacopid trilobites from western Xinjiang, Northwest China. Palaeobio Palaeoenv 103, 327–340 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12549-022-00547-x

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