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Zapaliinae, a new subfamily of Tithonian–Berriasian ataxioceratid ammonites

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Abstract

The recent recognition of the earliest Andean Tithonian ammonite fauna (Picunleufuense Zone) has allowed a balanced classification of the ataxioceratid ammonites, reflecting their phylogenetic relationships. The Picunleufuense Zone fauna, first recognized in the Neuquén Basin at the base of the Vaca Muerta Formation, is represented by numerous records of sparse ammonite faunas from Antarctica, the Austral Basin and the Tarapacá Basin (N. Chile and S. Peru). These Southeastern Pacific faunas include the Tithonian genera Indansites, Choicensisphinctes, Zapalia, Krantziceras (Tithonian–lower Berriasian) and Platydiscus. These five genera are grouped in a new subfamily established in this paper: Zapaliinae subfam. nov. (type genus: Zapalia). The origin of Indansites and Choicensisphinctes (possibly via Indanistes) from Lithacoceras is discussed. Zapalia must have been originated from Indanistes in the upper Proximus Zone. Platydiscus could have been originated from Krantziceras. The Tithonian Southeastern Pacific ataxioceratids (Zapaliinae subfam. nov.) form a group well separated from the Tithonian Indo-Madagascan Virgatosphinctinae.

Kurzfassung

Die kürzlich entdeckte älteste andine Tithonium-Ammonitenfauna (Picunleufuense-Zone) ermöglichte eine ausgewogene Klassifikation der ataxioceratiden Ammoniten unter Berücksichtigung ihrer stammesgeschichtlichen Verwandtschaftsverhältnisse. Die Fauna der Picunleufuense-Zone, die als erstes an der Basis der Vaca Muerta-Formation des Neuquén-Beckens entdeckt wurde, setzt sich aus vielen seltenen Ammoniten aus der Antarktis, dem Australischen Becken sowie dem Tarapacá-Becken (Nord-Chile und Süd-Peru) zusammen. Diese südostpazifischen Faunen beinhalten die tithonischen Gattungen Indansites, Choicensisphinctes, Zapalia, Krantziceras (Tithonium–unteres Berriasium) und Platydiscus. Diese fünf Gattungen werden in einer hier neu eingeführten Unterfamilie zusammengefasst: Zapaliinae subfam. nov. (Typusgattung: Zapalia). Der Ursprung von Indansites und Choicensisphinctes (möglicherweise via Indansites) in der Gattung Lithacoceras wird diskutiert. Zapalia muss sich in der oberen Proximus-Zone aus Indansites entwickelt haben. Platydiscus könnte von Krantziceras abstammen. Die tithonischen südostpazifischen Ataxioceratiden (Zapaliinae subfam. nov.) bilden eine von den tithonischen indo-madegassischen Virgatosphinctinae gut abgegrenzte Gruppe.

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Acknowledgements

John K. Wright (Surrey) improved the English text. Two anonymous reviewers contributed to improve the manuscript. Finally, thanks are due to the editors Mike Reich (Munich) and Christian Klug (Zurich).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio de Paleontología, IFG-FCEIA, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Pellegrini 250, 2000, Rosario, Argentina

    Horacio Parent

  2. Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde, Rosenstein 1, 70191, Stuttgart, Germany

    Günter Schweigert

  3. Lämmerhalde 3, 71735, Eberdingen, Germany

    Armin Scherzinger

  4. Museo Provincial de Ciencias Naturales “Prof. Dr. Juan A. Olsacher”, Dirección Provincial de Minería, Etcheluz y Ejército Argentino, 8340, Zapala, Neuquén, Argentina

    Alberto C. Garrido

  5. Departamento Geología y Petróleo, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Buenos Aires 1400, 8300, Neuquén, Argentina

    Alberto C. Garrido

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  1. Horacio Parent
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Correspondence to Horacio Parent.

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Handling editor: Christian Klug.

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Parent, H., Schweigert, G., Scherzinger, A. et al. Zapaliinae, a new subfamily of Tithonian–Berriasian ataxioceratid ammonites. PalZ 91, 507–517 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12542-017-0353-9

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