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Experimental study of cooling speed for ultra-thick steel plate during the jet impinging and quenching process

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Abstract

The quenching temperature drop curve for Q345B steel plate with 84 mm and 170 mm thickness was tested to analyze the distributing regularities and influencing factors of cooling speed for ultra-thick steel plate during the jet impinging and quenching process. The influences for temperature drop, temperature gradient and cooling speed were analyzed under the conditions of 60~100 m3/h water amount, 0.4~1.0 MPa water pressure, transient switching of quenching mode and the distribution of heat exchanger. Threedimensional heat anti transfer model, surface heat transfer coefficient model and thermal physical parameter model were built up by finite element and optimization. The results showed that the deviation of calculated and measured values was less than 4% for temperature drop curve model. The cooling speed of vertical section for 84 mm-thick steel plate was approximately proportional to surface heat transfer coefficient. The influence of surface heat transfer to cooling speed became weak when the thickness was increased. The influences of temperature effect when switching different quenching modes and temperature gradient of vertical section to cooling speed were stronger. The minimum value of cooling speed was about 1.0~1.8°C/s, between H/6 and H/3 region. These data provide the key information for increasing the cooling speed and uniformity.

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Abbreviations

Ac 1 :

Formation temperature of tested steel austenitic

Ac 3 :

Complete transition temperature of tested steel austenitic

A m :

Heat conductivity matrix

Ar 1 :

Decomposition temperature of tested steel austenitic

Ar 3 :

Precipitation temperature of tested steel ferrite

B :

Width of steel plate

B m :

Heat capacity matrix

Ceq :

Carbon equivalent of tested plate

c(T):

Specific heat function of steel plate

C V :

Heat load vector

F i :

Cubic shape functions of serendipity family

F N :

The number of functions being formed, in this paper FN = 64

f(p i ):

Objective function defined by formula 1

G i :

Cubic spline function

H :

Thickness of steel plate

H i :

Hermitian shape function

h(y,z,τ):

Surface heat transfer coefficient of steel plate

K T :

Time cycles

L :

Length of steel plate

M s :

Martensitic transformation start temperature of tested steel

M f :

Martensitic transformation finish temperature of tested steel

N p :

Number of temperatures being recorded by one temperature measuring point

N t :

Number of temperature measuring points

P i :

Variable function of heat transfer coefficient for joint element in unit time

p i :

Minimized parameter

q g(x,y,z):

Research on heat flux density of steel plate in a plane

S e :

Scope of cell surface

S s :

State of boundary condition, if the known S s = 1, or else S s = 0

T :

Three dimensional temperature field of steel plate Tm

T m n :

Calculated temperature at τn of temperature measuring point Tem

Te m n :

Measured temperature at τn of temperature measuring point

T m :

The unknown temperature at element joint

T s :

Surface temperature of steel plate

T w :

Temperature of water

V :

Scope of cubic element

v J :

Jet impinging speed

v N :

Jetting speed of circular orifice

W j :

Quadratic spline function

x,y,z :

Cartesian coordinate

ε :

1 e-10 Minimum value determined norms

ξ 1, ξ 2, ξ 3 :

Natural coordinate of cubic unit

η x , η y , η z :

Natural coordinate of Hermitain interpolating shape function

λ(T):

Heat conductive coefficient function of steel plate

ρ(T):

Density function of steel plate

ρ w :

Water current density in jet impact zone

τ :

Time

ΔD ave :

Average derivative of objective function

ΔT ave :

The measured and calculated average temperature deviation

Φ :

Initial temperature field of steel plate

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The State Key Lab of Rolling and Automation, Northeastern University, No.11, Lane 3, Wenhua Road, Heping District, Shenyang, 110819, Liaoning Province, China

    Tian-Liang Fu, Xiang-Tao Deng, Guo-Huai Liu, Zhao-Dong Wang & Guo-Dong Wang

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  1. Tian-Liang Fu
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  2. Xiang-Tao Deng
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  3. Guo-Huai Liu
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  4. Zhao-Dong Wang
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Correspondence to Tian-Liang Fu or Zhao-Dong Wang.

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Fu, TL., Deng, XT., Liu, GH. et al. Experimental study of cooling speed for ultra-thick steel plate during the jet impinging and quenching process. Int. J. Precis. Eng. Manuf. 17, 1503–1514 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12541-016-0176-8

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