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Process Parameters Used in Macro/Micro Powder Injection Molding: An Overview

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Abstract

Powder injection molding (PIM) is a well-known manufacturing technique for the production of complex, net-shaped macro-parts using a broad range of materials and alloys. Eventually, the PIM method has been modified into micro-powder injection molding (μPIM) because of the increasing demand of micro-parts in global market. Now-a-days PIM and μPIM processes are extensively using to fabricate components for electronic, automobile, and biomedical fields. In this paper, the important process parameters that had been used to fabricate defect-free macro and micro-sized parts of different metals, ceramics, and alloys using the above-mentioned techniques have been reviewed. This article is enclosed with a brief discussion on the future research guidelines addressing different aspects related to the two-component macro and micro powder injection molding. This paper could be a worthy source for those investigators who aim to work on PIM and μPIM technology.

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Abbreviations

PW:

Paraffin wax

CW:

Carnauba wax

BW:

Bees wax

ST:

Starch

GL:

Glycerol

SA:

Stearic acid

CA:

Citric acid

OA:

Oleic acid

EVA:

Ethylene vinyl acetate

PP:

Polypropylene

LLDPE:

Linear low-density polyethylene

HDPE:

High-density polyethylene

PE:

Polyethylene

LDPE:

Low-density polyethylene

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

PMMA:

Polymethyl methacrylate

VO:

Vegetable oil

PPC:

Polypropylene carbonate

PVP:

Polyvinylpyrrolidone

PVB:

Polyvinyl butyral

PS:

Palm stearin

MAW:

Micronized amide wax

DCP:

Dicumyl peroxide

NR:

Natural rubber

PR:

Phenolic resin

MW:

Microcrystalline wax

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia and Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia for their financial support under the Grant DIP-2019-009, DIP-2017-001 and FRGS/1/2017/TK03/UKM/02/1.

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  1. Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

    Al Basir, Abu Bakar Sulong, Nashrah Hani Jamadon, Norhamidi Muhamad & Ukwueze Bonaventure Emeka

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Basir, A., Sulong, A.B., Jamadon, N.H. et al. Process Parameters Used in Macro/Micro Powder Injection Molding: An Overview. Met. Mater. Int. 27, 2023–2045 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-020-00767-w

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