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New records of marine Gastrotricha from São Sebastião Island (Brazil) and the description of a new species

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Abstract

Until a decade ago, the marine gastrotrich fauna of Brazil was virtually unknown, but, since then, there has been an increase in the number of reports of new and known species from the states of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, and Bahia. Here, we report new records of five marine gastrotrichs from sublittoral sediments around São Sebastião Island, Brazil, collected by scuba. The genus Acanthodasys (Macrodasyida), represented by two undescribed species, is reported for the first time in the Southern Hemisphere; Crasiella fonseci is reported for the first time in São Sebastião Island and outside of its type locality, and Dendrodasys aff. rubomarinus and Aspidiophorus tentaculatus (Chaetonotida) are reported for the first time in Fome Beach. Dactylopodola todaroi sp. nov. is distinguished from its congeners by the following combination of characters: red ocellar granules, four TbA with two lateral tubes longer than the two medial tubes, five TbL (1 + 1 + 3), and seven TbP. In addition to new geographic records of Gastrotricha, we provide estimates of the diversity of this taxon on the Brazilian coast, as only 3 % of the total coastline has been sampled so far. We further examine our findings in light of a recent survey of the Caribbean ecoregions.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo – FAPESP (2011/50317-5; 2012/08581-0; 2014/23856-0), Conselho de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento – CNPq (306558/2010-6; 478825/2013-7), and Fundo de Apoio ao Ensino, à Pesquisa e Extensão – FAEPEX (2031/2015). We would like to thank Felipe Pi for the assistance with the scuba diving; Dr. Alexander Kieneke and an anonymous reviewer are also acknowledged for offering suggestions that greatly improved the paper.

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  1. Maikon Di Domenico

    Present address: Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CP 50.002, 83255-000, Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Evolução de Organismos Meiofaunais, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, CP 6109, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil

    André R. S. Garraffoni

  2. Museu de Zoologia “Prof. Dr. Adão José Cardoso”, Universidade de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia, CP 6109, 13083-863, Campinas, SP, Brazil

    Maikon Di Domenico

  3. Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA, 01854, USA

    Rick Hochberg

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  1. André R. S. Garraffoni
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Correspondence to André R. S. Garraffoni.

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Communicated by P. Martinez Arbizu

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Garraffoni, A.R.S., Di Domenico, M. & Hochberg, R. New records of marine Gastrotricha from São Sebastião Island (Brazil) and the description of a new species. Mar Biodiv 47, 451–459 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-016-0486-1

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