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Volcanic Ash Modelling of Barren Island Volcano, India, Using Satellite Data

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Abstract

Active volcanoes are a regular occurrence in nature and are well known for the risk and devastation they cause when they erupt. In India, Barren Island volcano (BIV) has started erupting actively after the great earthquake (9.3 magnitude) and tsunami. In the current study, we present a satellite based approach to monitor the volcano dynamics at BIV using multispectral data sets along with volcanic radiative power (VRP) and field evidence for three various eruptive phases, i.e. 2005, 2015 and 2021. The results of VRP clearly depicts the changes from low to high thermal regimes that indicate switching from open vent to active activity of Barren Island volcano. In addition, HYSPLIT and ash modelling also shows that the ash transport pathways that flow in lower atmosphere travel over the neighbouring countries and also within Indian states. Further, we also conducted  a field visit in 2021 November to validate the lab observations and geophysical studies. The current study has provided significant information regarding the location of primary, secondary vents, and ash transport pathways. Further it is inferred that, for a comprehensive risk assessment of the region, volcanism, environmental and coastal dynamics along with crustal deformation need to be considered.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India, for the DST INSPIRE fellowship – (DST/INSPIRE Fellowship/2018/IF180050) to carry out this research work. Special thanks to Diego Coppola and team for providing the VRP values of BIV. We would like to also thank Secretary, DST, Andaman and Nicobar Administration, and Shri Satya Narayana, DST, Port Blair, for their local support and clearance. We sincerely thank the Director General, Indian Coast Guard, New Delhi, for his permission and assistance to carry out field work on Barren Island. We also thank the Commander, Coast Guard Region, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Port Blair, for providing manpower and other logistic support during our trip.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geosciences and Disaster Management Studies Group, Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (ISRO), Dehradun, 248 001, India

    Goutham Krishna Teja Gunda & Mamta Chauhan

  2. Department of Geo-Informatics, Telangana University, Nizamabad, Telangana, 503322, India

    Goutham Krishna Teja Gunda & Sudhakar Goud

  3. Department of Geography, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India

    Mijanur Ansary

  4. National Remote Sensing Centre-ISRO, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India

    Prakash Chauhan

  5. GMRD, National Institute of Disaster Management, Ministry of Home Affairs, New Delhi, 110042, India

    Ajit Batham

  6. Department of Disaster Management, Pondicherry University, Port Blair, 744 101, India

    Balaji Sankaran

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  1. Goutham Krishna Teja Gunda
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  2. Mamta Chauhan
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Correspondence to Goutham Krishna Teja Gunda.

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Gunda, G.K.T., Chauhan, M., Ansary, M. et al. Volcanic Ash Modelling of Barren Island Volcano, India, Using Satellite Data. J Indian Soc Remote Sens 51, 2403–2419 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-023-01775-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-023-01775-0

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