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Altitudinal Shifting of Apple Orchards with Adaption of Changing Climate in the Alpine Himalaya

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Abstract

The impact of climate change is found to be the most significant for agricultural practices in the alpine regions of the world. Apple orchards of Kalpa, Indian Himalaya, are facing the same dilemma. The main objective of this work is to analyze the effect of climate variability on the location of apple orchards through the computation of spatio-temporal dynamics of snow cover area, vegetation cover area and land surface temperature using earth observation based multispectral data analysis. Using the above variables, we have delineated suitable zones for apple cultivation using the analytical hierarchy process method. The IMD data have been used for descriptive statistics, Mann–Kendall (MK) test and Sen’s slope estimation to detect temporal trends in local climatic conditions since 1987. The result indicates a significant rise in annual and seasonal temperatures, especially during the winter and spring seasons, along with declining precipitation, which has been assessed with the help of farmers’ opinions. Shifting of the apple orchards along with vegetation covers from lower to higher altitudes, in the study area, squeezed the suitable zone in the limited pockets.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Dr. Debasis Ghosh, former Head of the Department, University of Calcutta, for his kind help and support to complete field visit at Kalpa. All students of Climatology of Tropical Asia, 2018 batch, University of Calcutta, are thankful for their assistance during the primary data collection.

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  1. Department of Geography, University of Calcutta, 35, B. C. Road, Kolkata, 700019, India

    Amir Khan, Sk Mafizul Haque & Barsa Biswas

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Khan, A., Haque, S.M. & Biswas, B. Altitudinal Shifting of Apple Orchards with Adaption of Changing Climate in the Alpine Himalaya. J Indian Soc Remote Sens 51, 1135–1155 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-023-01678-0

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